ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Diseases Questions
Question 1 of 5
As a complication of RDS, rupture of the alveolar epithelial lining lead to gas dissection along the interstitial space and the peribronchial lymphatics that's may produce
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: RDS-related alveolar rupture causes pulmonary interstitial emphysema (E), gas tracking in lung tissue, per pathophysiology.
Question 2 of 5
A 3-year-old boy presents with a 7-day history of fever, cervical adenopathy, foul breath, and painful oral lesions on his tongue, gums, and lips. For the past 3 days, he has had a red, painful swollen area about the nail of his right thumb with an area of fluid by the nail bed, unresponsive to warm soaks and a first-generation cephalosporin. The most likely etiology is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Herpes simplex virus causes herpetic gingivostomatitis and whitlow, matching the oral lesions and thumb involvement.
Question 3 of 5
A 2-week illness characterized by gradually increasing fever that eventually reaches $104^{\circ} \mathrm{F}$ and is associated with headache, malaise, cough, and abdominal pain in a child who has recently returned from a visit to a developing country most likely is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Typhoid fever presents with prolonged fever, abdominal symptoms, and travel history to endemic areas.
Question 4 of 5
Toxoplasmosis causes all of the following patterns of disease EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Toxoplasmosis does not cause congenital malformations like cleft palate; these are more typical of rubella.
Question 5 of 5
The Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome is characterized by
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome involves perihepatitis from gonococcal or chlamydial infection, causing RUQ pain.