ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Arteriovenous shunts are:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arteriovenous shunts (or thoroughfare channels) are metarterioles connecting arterioles to venules, bypassing capillaries to regulate blood flow (e.g., in thermoregulation or under low metabolic demand).
Question 2 of 5
The chief function of the serum albumin in the blood is to:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Serum albumin, the most abundant plasma protein, maintains colloidal osmotic pressure (about 25 mmHg), keeping fluid in the bloodstream. Antibodies are from globulins, fibrinogen is a separate protein, and waste removal is primarily a kidney function.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following does not stimulate erythropoietin production?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Erythropoietin (EPO) production by the kidneys is triggered by hypoxia (e.g., hemorrhage, poor heart pumping, low oxygen). Epinephrine increases heart rate but doesn’t directly stimulate EPO.
Question 4 of 5
How many clotting factors are necessary for clot formation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: There are 12 recognized clotting factors (I-XIII, missing VI) in the coagulation cascade, essential for normal clot formation, though not all are always active in every pathway.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse knows which signs and symptoms of a client indicate a venous disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Edema and hyperpigmented skin of the lower extremities (D) are classic signs of venous disorders (e.g., chronic venous insufficiency) due to poor venous return. Generalized edema with shortness of breath (A) suggests heart failure, red painful skin (B) indicates a rash or infection, and strong pulses (C) contradict venous issues, which often weaken pulses. (Source: Document, p. 3)