ATI RN
Hematology Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Arterial thrombosis is the least likely cause of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pulmonary embolism (E) is venous thrombosis-related, unlike stroke (A), limb ischemia (B), renal infarction (C), and MI (D), which are arterial.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following drugs is least likely to cause thrombocytopenia in children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Phenytoin (B) rarely causes thrombocytopenia, unlike valproic acid (A), sulfonamides (C), TMP-SMX (D), and heparin (E), which are well-known culprits.
Question 3 of 5
You are explaining the risk of sepsis after splenectomy to medical students. An important statement that should be included during this discussion is that risk is especially high in children
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sepsis risk post-splenectomy is highest in chronic ITP (C) due to underlying immune dysfunction, more than age (A), HS (B), trauma (D), or Hodgkin (E), though all carry risk.
Question 4 of 5
A 5-year-old child has multiple bruises on her extremities and oral mucosal bleeding of 3 days duration; she had a mild respiratory tract infection 2 weeks before; physical examination was normal apart from multiple ecchymoses and petechiae. Of the following, the NEXT diagnostic step is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-viral bruising and mucosal bleeding suggest ITP. CBC (A) confirms thrombocytopenia, the next step before PT (B), BT (C), PTT (D), or ANA (E), which assess other causes.
Question 5 of 5
A 3-year-old male child develops hematoma and bruising of his right hand next day after falling on the ground; the mother stated that her child has a poor wound healing and a history of delayed umbilical separation during the neonatal period. Of the following, the MOST valuable test for this case is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bruising, poor healing, and delayed umbilical separation suggest factor XIII deficiency. Clot solubility test (E) screens for this, more specific than BT (A), PTT (B), PT (C), or TT (D).