Appropriate intervention is vital for many children with heart disease in order to go on to live active, full lives. Which of the following outlines an effective nursing intervention to decrease cardiac demands and minimize cardiac workload?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate intervention to decrease cardiac demands and minimize cardiac workload in children with heart disease is to schedule care to provide uninterrupted rest periods. By allowing the child to rest without interruptions, their heart will not have to work as hard, promoting better overall cardiac function. This intervention focuses on promoting rest and recovery, which is crucial for children with heart disease to maintain optimal cardiac health. Feeding the infant over long periods may not necessarily decrease cardiac demands, and allowing the infant to have her way to avoid conflict is not related to cardiac workload. Developing and implementing a consistent care plan is important but may not directly decrease cardiac demands as effectively as scheduling care for uninterrupted rest periods.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop as a complication of inadequately treated streptococcal infections, especially streptococcal throat infections caused by group A streptococcus bacteria. The bacteria trigger an abnormal immune response in susceptible individuals, leading to the development of rheumatic fever. The other choices are not accurate. Glomerulonephritis is a separate condition associated with certain types of streptococcal infections but not with rheumatic fever. Symptoms of rheumatic fever can persist even after the fever has subsided, and it is important for children with rheumatic fever to follow proper treatment and rest guidelines as advised by healthcare providers. It is crucial for individuals with rheumatic fever to avoid activities that could strain the heart until the condition has been properly managed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The best way to assess whether a patient is breathing is to observe the movement of the chest and nostrils. Chest movement indicates inhalation and exhalation, while the nostrils may flare during breathing. Observing these two areas provides a more direct and accurate assessment of breathing compared to extremities, head, or eyeball movements. By focusing on the chest and nostrils, a nurse can quickly and effectively determine if a patient is breathing adequately.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs in the body, including the lungs. Patients with SLE are at risk for developing various respiratory complications, which can result in abnormal lung sounds on auscultation. Common respiratory manifestations of SLE include pleurisy, pleural effusion, interstitial lung disease, and pulmonary hypertension. Therefore, the nurse assessing Mrs. Diwa can expect to find abnormal lung sounds indicative of these respiratory complications. However, it is important to note that SLE can also present with a wide range of other symptoms affecting different organ systems.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Warts are typically caused by a viral infection, specifically the human papillomavirus (HPV). This virus infects the top layer of the skin, causing the skin cells to grow rapidly, leading to the formation of a wart. Other causative agents such as bacteria, fungus, and parasites do not typically cause warts in children. Therefore, when assessing a child with warts, the nurse should expect the causative agent to be a virus, specifically HPV.