ATI RN
Respiratory System Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Apart from its role in acid-base balance
Correct Answer: d
Rationale: Rationale: Carbonic anhydrase in the gastrointestinal tract catalyzes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons. This reaction helps maintain pH balance in the gut. Starch breakdown is not directly associated with carbonic anhydrase. Protein digestion is primarily carried out by proteases, and lipid absorption involves enzymes like lipase. These functions are not directly related to carbonic anhydrase in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus, the correct answer is D: Starch breakdown.
Question 2 of 5
Which of these statements is false regarding Pulmonary Resistance?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): - Increase of lung volume results in decrease, not increase, in resistance in extra alveolar vessels due to increased recruitment of capillaries. - This is known as distension recruitment, which helps reduce resistance in extra alveolar vessels. - Increased lung volume also helps to distribute blood flow more evenly in the lungs, reducing resistance. - Therefore, statement C is false. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: True - increase in pulmonary arterial pressure generally causes a fall in pulmonary resistance due to vessel dilation. B: True - pulmonary resistance is indeed lower than systemic circulation resistance due to shorter pulmonary vascular bed. D: True - acetylcholine causes bronchiole smooth muscle contraction, not relaxation.
Question 3 of 5
Regarding ventilation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because in obstructive lung diseases like COPD, FEV1 is reduced compared to FVC due to air trapping. This is a characteristic feature of obstruction. A: Incorrect, normal FEV1/FVC ratio is around 80-85%. B: Incorrect, in lung fibrosis, both FEV1 and FVC are reduced but the reduction in FVC is typically more prominent. C: Incorrect, while expiratory effort affects FEV1 maneuver, it is not the sole determinant.
Question 4 of 5
When caring for a male patient who has just had a total laryngectomy, the nurse should plan to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Develop an alternative communication method. After a total laryngectomy, the patient loses the ability to speak. Developing an alternative communication method such as using a communication board or electronic device is crucial for effective communication. Encouraging oral feeding (A) is not appropriate initially due to the risk of aspiration. Keeping the tracheostomy cuff fully inflated (C) can obstruct airflow, and keeping the patient flat in bed (D) can lead to respiratory complications. Developing an alternative communication method is essential for the patient's emotional well-being and quality of life.
Question 5 of 5
A male client who weighs 175 lb (79.4 kg) is receiving aminophylline (Aminophylline) (400 mg in 500 ml) at 50 ml/hour. The theophylline level is reported as 6 mcg/ml. The nurse calls the physician who instructs the nurse to change the dosage to 0.45 mg/kg/hour. The nurse should:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Question the order because it's too low. To determine the correct dosage, calculate the current dosage the client is receiving (400 mg in 500 ml at 50 ml/hour). Then calculate the new dosage using the client's weight (79.4 kg). Comparing the two dosages, if the new order is significantly lower than the current dosage, it may not be appropriate for the client's condition. Therefore, the nurse should question the physician's order to ensure the client is receiving an adequate dose. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the discrepancy in dosage and the need to verify the appropriateness of the new order based on the client's weight and current medication regimen.