ATI RN
Genitourinary Review of Systems Questions
Question 1 of 5
Antiviral agents that is/ are active against cytomegalovirus (CMV) include which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because both Ganciclovir and Foscarnet are active against cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ganciclovir works by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase, while Foscarnet inhibits viral DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase. Acyclovir, on the other hand, is not effective against CMV as it primarily targets herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. Therefore, choices A and B are correct for CMV treatment, making option D the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
Isoniazid is a primary antitubercular agent that:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for choice A being correct: 1. Isoniazid can lead to pyridoxine deficiency. 2. Pyridoxine supplementation helps prevent neurotoxicity. 3. Thus, isoniazid therapy requires pyridoxine supplementation. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: B: Isoniazid does not effectively penetrate the BBB. C: Ocular complications of isoniazid are generally irreversible. D: Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity are not common side effects of isoniazid.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following drug/(s) that is /are used to treat chronic hepatitis B?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because both Lamivudine and Human interferon α are commonly used to treat chronic hepatitis B. Lamivudine is a nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor that helps inhibit viral replication. Human interferon α is a type of immunomodulatory drug that boosts the immune system to fight the virus. Amantadine (choice C) is not typically used for treating hepatitis B, making it incorrect. Therefore, the combination of Lamivudine and Human interferon α (choice D) is the most appropriate treatment option for chronic hepatitis B.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following drug is a radical curative in plasmodium vivax malaria and is used as prophylaxis for malaria at Chloroquine sensitive regions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primaquine. Primaquine is a radical curative drug for Plasmodium vivax malaria, targeting the liver stage of the parasite to prevent relapse. It is also used as prophylaxis in Chloroquine sensitive regions due to its effectiveness against both the liver and blood stages of the parasite. Quinine (A) is mainly used for treating severe malaria. Mefloquine (C) is used for prophylaxis but not as a radical curative for Plasmodium vivax. Chloroquine (D) is effective against Plasmodium vivax but not as a radical curative.
Question 5 of 5
Which antibiotics should be avoided in patients of liver disease?:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tetracycline. Tetracycline should be avoided in patients with liver disease due to its potential hepatotoxicity. Tetracycline is primarily metabolized in the liver and can exacerbate liver damage in patients with pre-existing liver conditions. Cotrimoxazole, Cephalexin, and Ethambutol are generally considered safe for use in patients with liver disease as they are not known to cause significant liver toxicity.