ATI RN
NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Antihistamines are used cautiously in older men with prostatic hypertrophy for which of the ff reasons?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antihistamines are used cautiously in older men with prostatic hypertrophy (enlarged prostate) because these clients may experience difficulty voiding. Antihistamines can cause urinary retention by causing decreased bladder contractility and relaxation of the bladder neck muscles. In individuals with prostatic hypertrophy, there is already an increased risk of urinary retention due to obstruction caused by the enlarged prostate. Therefore, the use of antihistamines can exacerbate this condition, leading to further difficulty in urination. It is important to monitor these individuals closely and consider alternative medications that do not pose a risk of worsening urinary symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A client seeks medical evaluation for fatigue, night sweats, and a 20-lb weight loss in 6 weeks. To confirm that the client has been infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the nurse expects the physician to order:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The confirmatory test for HIV infection is a Western blot test. However, before a Western blot test is conducted, an initial screening test with high sensitivity, such as the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is typically performed. ELISA is used to detect the presence of HIV antibodies in the blood. If the ELISA test is positive, a Western blot test is then performed to confirm the presence of specific HIV antibodies. The Western blot test is a more specific test for HIV antibodies and is used to confirm the diagnosis. Therefore, in this case, the physician would most likely order a Western blot test following a positive ELISA test to confirm the client's HIV infection.
Question 3 of 5
A client has been taking a decongestant for allergic rhinitis. During a follow-up visit, which of the following suggests that the decongestant has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A decongestant is a medication often used to relieve nasal congestion and reduce allergy symptoms such as sneezing. If a client with allergic rhinitis has experienced reduced sneezing during a follow-up visit after taking a decongestant, it suggests that the medication has been effective in helping to alleviate their symptoms. Increased salivation, increased tearing, and headache are not typical indicators of the effectiveness of a decongestant for allergic rhinitis.
Question 4 of 5
The client with rheumatoid arthritis reports GI irritation after taking piroxicam (Feldene). To prevent GI upset, the nurse should provide which instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Piroxicam is a nonselective NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) that can irritate the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, indigestion, and stomach pain. Taking piroxicam with food or an oral antacid can help reduce GI irritation by providing a protective barrier and reducing acid production within the stomach. Encouraging the client to take piroxicam with a meal or antacid can help prevent or minimize GI upset associated with the medication. Additionally, using a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) or histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2 blocker) along with piroxicam may further protect the stomach lining from irritation.
Question 5 of 5
Mr Balao asks the nurse as to the source of this disease. The nurse is aware that this is a disease of:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that primarily affects the brain, not connective tissue or bones. It is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein aggregates in the brain, leading to loss of cognitive function and memory. The nurse would be aware that Alzheimer's disease does not involve bones or purine metabolism, making connective tissue the correct answer in this context.