Angie is a disoriented client who frequently falls from the bed. As her nurse, which of the following is the best nursing intervention to prevent future falls?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the best nursing intervention to prevent future falls for Angie, a disoriented client who frequently falls from the bed, is to put the call bell within her reach (Option B). This intervention is crucial as it allows Angie to call for help when she needs to get up, reducing the risk of falls. Putting the call bell within reach promotes Angie's independence while ensuring she can request assistance when necessary. This approach respects her autonomy while also prioritizing her safety, making it the most appropriate intervention among the options provided. Explaining why the other options are not the best choices: - Option A: Telling Angie not to get up from bed unassisted may not be effective as it does not address her need for assistance when she does need to get up. - Option C: Placing a bedside commode may not address the immediate need for assistance in getting up from bed. - Option D: Lowering the bed position is important for fall prevention, but it does not address Angie's ability to call for help when needed. Educational context: Understanding the importance of individualized care and promoting patient safety is essential in nursing practice. By selecting the most appropriate intervention tailored to the patient's needs, nurses can provide effective and person-centered care that enhances both the patient's well-being and independence.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In obtaining a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity on a catheterized patient, the nurse must follow proper aseptic technique to prevent contamination. Option D, disconnecting the tube, obtaining a sterile syringe, and drawing the specimen from the tube, is correct because it allows for direct collection of urine from the catheter without introducing external contaminants. By disconnecting the tube, the nurse can obtain a pure sample for accurate testing. Option A is incorrect because clamping the catheter can lead to urine reflux and potential contamination. Alcoholizing the tube above the clamp site is unnecessary and can introduce pathogens. Option B is incorrect as it involves accessing the self-sealing port, which may not provide a sterile sample due to potential contamination of the port itself. Option C is incorrect because disconnecting the drainage bag could introduce contaminants into the specimen. Drawing the sample from the drainage bag may include non-sterile components of the system, leading to inaccurate results. Educationally, understanding the correct procedure for obtaining a urine specimen from a catheterized patient is crucial for nurses to maintain patient safety and ensure accurate test results. Proper technique minimizes the risk of contamination, which is vital in clinical settings to provide quality patient care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding the legal aspects of patient care is crucial. In this scenario, option C is correct - patients' charts are owned by the hospital, not the government, doctor, or patient. This is because the medical records are considered part of the hospital's business records and must be securely maintained to protect patient confidentiality and comply with legal requirements like HIPAA. Option A is incorrect because although the government may regulate access to patient records, it does not own them. Option B is incorrect because while the doctor may have a professional interest in the records, they ultimately belong to the healthcare institution. Option D is incorrect because nurses must follow institutional protocols for releasing patient information, which typically involves authorization from the hospital or medical provider. Educationally, understanding the ownership and confidentiality of patient records is essential for healthcare professionals to uphold ethical standards and legal requirements in patient care. It ensures that sensitive information is protected and only shared appropriately to maintain patient trust and privacy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct domain of learning according to Bloom's taxonomy is the psychomotor domain. The psychomotor domain relates to the development of physical skills and the ability to manipulate tools or instruments. In teaching the sister of a diabetic client how to properly use a glucometer to determine the blood sugar level, the nurse is focusing on teaching her a hands-on skill that involves physical manipulation of the device. The other options - cognitive, affective, and affiliative - are incorrect in this context. The cognitive domain pertains to knowledge and mental skills, such as understanding concepts or problem-solving, which are not the primary focus when teaching someone how to use a glucometer. The affective domain involves feelings, attitudes, and values, which are not directly related to the physical skill of using a glucometer. Affiliative is not a recognized domain in Bloom's taxonomy and is not relevant to this scenario. In an educational context, understanding the different domains of learning is crucial for educators to effectively design and deliver instruction that targets the appropriate type of learning for the desired outcomes. By recognizing that teaching someone how to use a glucometer falls under the psychomotor domain, educators can tailor their teaching strategies to ensure that learners acquire and demonstrate the required physical skills accurately.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pharmacology, understanding data analysis is crucial for assessing the effectiveness and safety of medications. In this context, variability measures how spread out data points are from the average. The correct answer, A) Variance, is not a measure of variability that should be included in data analysis alongside variability measures like range, standard deviation, and mean. Variance is a measure of how spread out the values in a data set are, but it is not as commonly used in practice as standard deviation, which is a more intuitive and widely accepted measure of variability. Option B) Range is a measure of variability that represents the difference between the highest and lowest values in a dataset. Option C) Standards of Deviation should read as Standard Deviation, which is a widely used measure of variability that indicates how much individual data points deviate from the mean. Option D) Mean is not a measure of variability, but rather a measure of central tendency that represents the average value of a dataset. Educationally, understanding these concepts is essential for pharmacology students and researchers to accurately analyze and interpret data related to drug efficacy and safety. By grasping the nuances of variability measures, professionals in the field can make informed decisions regarding medication dosages, treatment regimens, and patient outcomes.