ATI RN
Questions on the Endocrine System Questions
Question 1 of 5
Androgens are produced by the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Androgens, like testosterone, are primarily produced by the testes in males, driving male traits and spermatogenesis. Ovaries produce minor androgens, the hypothalamus regulates via GnRH, and islets secrete insulin/glucagon not androgens. Testicular production distinguishes androgen's source, key to reproductive endocrinology, contrasting with regulatory or metabolic glands.
Question 2 of 5
Why can a single endocrine hormone produce a wider spread of responses in more of the body than a single nerve cell?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hormones travel via blood, reaching multiple target cells body-wide, eliciting varied responses (e.g., cortisol in stress). Nerve cells target specific cells via synapses, limiting scope. Endocrine-nervous integration exists, but blood's distribution distinguishes hormonal spread, key to systemic effects, contrasting with neural precision.
Question 3 of 5
Thyroid gland produces a hormone called 'thyroxine' which
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Thyroxine (T4), produced by the thyroid gland, regulates the body's metabolic rate, dictating how cells convert nutrients into energy, impacting heart rate, digestion, and growth. Blood glucose is managed by insulin/glucagon from the pancreas, ovulation by LH/FSH from the pituitary neither thyroxine's role. 'More than one' is incorrect as thyroxine's primary function is singularly metabolic. This specificity distinguishes thyroxine's systemic metabolic influence, critical for energy homeostasis, contrasting with glucose or reproductive hormones.
Question 4 of 5
Which gland in the human body produces the growth hormone?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior pituitary produces growth hormone (somatotropin), driving body growth and metabolism. Pineal makes melatonin, hypothalamus regulates via GHRH, adrenals produce adrenaline/cortisol not GH. Pituitary's 'master gland' status and GH secretion distinguish it, critical for development, with hyposecretion stunting growth, contrasting with regulatory or stress glands.
Question 5 of 5
With regard to adrenal physiology
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Adrenal medulla secretes dopamine (minor), alongside epinephrine/norepinephrine, from chromaffin cells, aiding stress responses. Cortisol, primary glucocorticoid from zona fasciculata, isn't sole corticosterone exists, though less. Oestrogens (from zona reticularis) aren't largest molecular size varies, aldosterone similar. Cortisol has some mineralocorticoid activity (e.g., in excess like Cushing's), not negligible. Dopamine's medullary secretion distinguishes it, key to catecholamine diversity, unlike glucocorticoid exclusivity, size, or activity claims.