An organ that can be classified as both an endocrine and exocrine gland is the

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: pancreas. The pancreas is classified as both an endocrine gland, producing hormones like insulin and glucagon, and an exocrine gland, secreting digestive enzymes into the small intestine. This dual functionality makes it unique among the other options. The hypothalamus (A) is primarily an endocrine gland involved in hormone regulation, while the thymus gland (B) is solely an endocrine gland responsible for T-cell maturation. The pituitary gland (D) is also an endocrine gland that regulates various bodily functions but does not have exocrine functions like the pancreas.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gigantism. Gigantism is caused by excess growth hormone production from the pituitary gland before puberty, leading to abnormal growth and height. Dwarfism (choice A) is the opposite condition, characterized by stunted growth. Goiter (choice C) is a thyroid disorder, not related to pituitary gland. Cretinism (choice D) is a condition caused by thyroid hormone deficiency, not pituitary gland disorder.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because steroid hormones are lipid-soluble, allowing them to easily diffuse through the plasma membranes of target cells. Once inside the cell, they bind to intracellular receptors to regulate gene expression. Choice A is incorrect because steroid hormones do not catalyze cyclic AMP; that is a function of peptide hormones. Choice C is incorrect because steroid hormones do not enter the nucleus directly but bind to intracellular receptors in the cytoplasm. Choice D is incorrect because while steroid hormones do activate genes to transcribe mRNA for protein synthesis, the initial step involves binding to receptors in the cytoplasm, not directly activating gene transcription.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: anterior pituitary. The anterior pituitary gland is responsible for producing growth hormone, also known as somatotropin. This hormone plays a key role in promoting growth, cell regeneration, and overall development. The other choices are incorrect because the thyroid gland primarily produces thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism, the adrenal medulla produces adrenaline and noradrenaline in response to stress, and the pancreas produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels. Therefore, the correct answer is the anterior pituitary gland as it specifically produces growth hormone.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Metastatic Calcification. Rhabdomyolysis leads to release of intracellular contents, including 2-3-diphosphoglycerate, causing hyperphosphatemia. High phosphates bind with calcium and deposit in tissues, leading to metastatic calcification. Dystrophic calcification occurs in damaged tissues, not due to high levels of 2-3-diphosphoglycerate. Heart failure and respiratory failure are not directly related to the depletion of this molecule.