Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Focusing the patient's immune system exclusively on the tumor. Biologic response modifiers (BRMs) work by enhancing the body's natural defenses to target and attack cancer cells specifically. This approach helps the immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells while minimizing harm to normal cells. A: Promoting the synthesis and release of leukocytes - This is not the primary mechanism of action for BRMs. While leukocytes play a role in the immune response, BRMs target the immune system's response to tumors. C: Potentiating the effects of chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy - While some BRMs may be used in combination with these treatments, their primary mode of action is not to enhance the effects of chemotherapy or radiation therapy. D: Altering the immunologic relationship between the tumor and the patient - This choice is too broad and vague. BRMs specifically aim to direct the immune response towards targeting the tumor cells, rather than altering the overall immunologic relationship

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Type I hypersensitivity reaction. This type of reaction involves the release of histamine from mast cells and basophils, leading to symptoms like hives. It is characterized by the involvement of IgE antibodies. In this case, the patient developed hives quickly after exposure to the allergen, indicating an immediate hypersensitivity reaction typical of Type I. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are associated with different mechanisms and timeframes of hypersensitivity reactions. Type II involves antibody-mediated cell destruction, Type III involves immune complex deposition, and Type IV is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction mediated by T cells, none of which are consistent with the rapid onset of hives seen in this patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear fluid from vagina. In threatened abortion, there is vaginal bleeding but the cervix is closed, indicating the possibility of the pregnancy continuing. If clear fluid is present, it suggests rupture of the amniotic sac, leading to inevitable abortion. Backache (A) and pelvic pressure (D) can be common symptoms in both threatened and inevitable abortion. A rise in hCG level (B) alone does not indicate a change from threatened to inevitable abortion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Prostate surgery can damage nerves responsible for erectile function. Step 2: Nerve damage can lead to erectile dysfunction post-prostatectomy. Step 3: Choice B correctly states that all prostatectomies carry a risk of nerve damage and consequent erectile dysfunction, aligning with the potential impact of surgery on sexual function. Step 4: Other choices lack accuracy: A incorrectly attributes erectile dysfunction solely to hormonal changes, C falsely suggests temporary nature of dysfunction, and D wrongly claims no risk of dysfunction due to modern techniques.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clinical decision support system. A clinical decision support system is a type of system or design that helps healthcare professionals, including nurses, in making clinical decisions by providing them with relevant information and knowledge. This system assists in analyzing data to generate patient-specific recommendations or alerts to improve patient care. In the given scenario, the nurse's need to find, evaluate, and use information effectively aligns with the purpose of a clinical decision support system. This system enables the nurse to access evidence-based information, guidelines, and recommendations to enhance their decision-making process and improve patient outcomes. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Computer competency does not equate to informatics competency. While computer skills are important, informatics involves a deeper understanding of using information effectively in practice. B: This choice provides a detailed explanation of informatics but does not directly address the type of system or design the nurse would be using to find, evaluate, and use information effectively. D: Nursing process