Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A. Eating a bran cereal for breakfast is a good dietary recommendation for managing constipation because bran is high in fiber, which helps promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Arteriosclerosis is a form of peripheral vascular disease characterized by the thickening, loss of elasticity, and calcification of arterial walls. This results in the narrowing and hardening of the arteries, leading to reduced blood flow to tissues and organs. Atherosclerosis, on the other hand, specifically refers to the buildup of plaque (composed of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances) on the inner walls of arteries, which contributes to arteriosclerosis. Chronic venous insufficiency is a condition involving poor blood flow from the legs back to the heart, often causing swelling and skin changes. Deep venous thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, commonly in the legs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Monitoring serum electrolyte levels would be the most appropriate action for a client admitted with a cardiac dysrhythmia. Electrolyte imbalances, particularly potassium and magnesium, can lead to cardiac dysrhythmias. Therefore, it is crucial to monitor and maintain proper electrolyte levels to prevent or manage dysrhythmias. Restricting fluids, encouraging bedrest, or instructing in a low-fat diet are not the priority actions for managing a cardiac dysrhythmia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A. Eating a bran cereal for breakfast is a good dietary recommendation for managing constipation because bran is high in fiber, which helps promote regular bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: As individuals age, there is a natural increase in systolic blood pressure (the top number in a blood pressure reading). This rise is attributed to factors such as arterial stiffness, reduced compliance of blood vessels, and decreased elasticity of the arteries. This increase in systolic blood pressure with age is considered a significant risk factor for hypertension in older adults. Hypertension is commonly defined as having a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher. Therefore, the age-related increase in systolic blood pressure contributes to the overall risk of developing hypertension in the elderly population.