An older patient has just started on hydrochlorothiazide and is advised by the health care provider to eat foods rich in potassium. What is the nurse’s best recommendation of foods to consume?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: C: Avocados and mushrooms are rich in potassium, which can help counteract the potassium-wasting effects of hydrochlorothiazide. Avocado contains around 485mg of potassium per 100g, and mushrooms have around 396mg per 100g. Both are excellent choices for increasing potassium intake. Summary: A: Cabbage and corn are not as high in potassium compared to avocados and mushrooms. B: Bread and cheese are not significant sources of potassium compared to avocados and mushrooms. D: Brown rice and fish do contain some potassium, but not as much as avocados and mushrooms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit access to high-alert drugs. This strategy is recommended to decrease the risk of errors because it restricts the availability of high-risk medications to only authorized personnel, reducing the likelihood of medication errors. By limiting access, only trained and qualified staff members will handle these drugs, minimizing the potential for mistakes. Explanation for other choices: A: Storing drugs on a shelf for quick retrieval may increase the risk of errors as it allows easier access to high-alert drugs, potentially leading to misuse or incorrect administration. C: Using special labels for high-alert drugs can be helpful but may not be as effective as limiting access in preventing errors. D: Providing increased training to staff is beneficial, but alone may not be sufficient to reduce errors if access to high-alert drugs is not restricted.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C - "Avoid mixing medications into infant formula." This is important because mixing medications into infant formula can alter the medication's efficacy or cause serious harm to the infant. It is crucial to administer medications as directed by healthcare providers to ensure proper dosage and absorption. Incorrect choices: A - Administering GI-irritating drugs with food may reduce stomach irritation, but it is not always necessary and depends on specific drug instructions. B - The statement about sublingual nitroglycerin is unrelated to the administration of oral medications. D - Adding water and crushing drugs before disposal is not a standard practice for administering oral medications.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because mixing drugs in dessert poses a risk of incorrect dosage, interaction, or reduced effectiveness. This statement indicates a lack of understanding about medication safety, administration, and effectiveness. Option A is a correct statement about sublingual nitroglycerin administration. Option B emphasizes proper labeling for high-alert drugs. Option D is incorrect as crushing and adding water before disposing is a safe medication disposal practice. Mixing drugs with food could lead to unpredictable outcomes and must be avoided.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The addition of glucuronic acid to a drug is a process known as glucuronidation, a Phase II metabolism reaction. This conjugation reaction is essential for detoxification and elimination of drugs from the body. By adding glucuronic acid, the drug becomes more water-soluble, facilitating its excretion. Therefore, Option B is correct as it leads to inactivation of the drug. Option A is incorrect as it actually increases water solubility. Option C is incorrect as glucuronidation is a Phase II reaction. Option D is incorrect as the rate of glucuronidation can vary between adults and newborns due to developmental differences.