An older adult woman who stops using complementary alternative medicine (CAM) becomes disoriented and is given a diagnosis of dementiThe family is upset with the family physician and the CAM practitioner for not diagnosing the condition earlier. Which CAM may have interfered with early detection of the dementia?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because large doses of calcium causing cerebral plaques to form can potentially mask the atrophy of the brain, which is a common indicator of dementia on imaging studies. This interference could delay the detection of dementia. Choice B is incorrect because excess folic acid would not mask a vitamin B deficiency that could lead to dementia. Choice C is incorrect as hypnotherapy focusing on current thoughts would not necessarily eliminate clues to past cognitive decline. Choice D is incorrect because there is no evidence that the electrical current from magnetic fields interferes with normal brain waves in a way that would cause confusion and inability to concentrate.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: address the letter to "To Whom It May Concern." This is the appropriate procedure when the applicant is unsure of the recipient's name and title. It is a professional and formal way to address a cover letter when the specific recipient is unknown. Option B is incorrect as addressing the letter to a generic title like "Nurse Recruiter" may not be appropriate if the recipient does not hold that specific title. Option C may be time-consuming and unnecessary if the applicant can use a more general salutation. Option D is incorrect because leaving the salutation blank can come across as unprofessional and lazy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mishel's uncertainty of illness. This theory focuses on how individuals cope with uncertainty related to illness or health events. In this scenario, the mother is facing unexpected news about her baby's condition, causing her to withdraw as a coping mechanism due to the uncertainty she is experiencing. By utilizing Mishel's theory, nurses can provide support and guidance to help the mother navigate her feelings of uncertainty and develop coping strategies. Choice B (Orem's self-care deficit model) is not the best fit as it primarily focuses on the individual's ability to perform self-care activities, which may not directly address the mother's emotional response to uncertainty. Choice C (Nightingale's canons of nursing) is more focused on the environmental factors impacting health and may not address the mother's coping needs. Choice D (Levine's conservation model) emphasizes maintaining stability and balance in the body systems, which may not directly address the mother's emotional needs in coping with uncertainty.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Simulation experiences. This intervention allows healthcare professionals to practice real-life scenarios in a controlled environment, improving skills and decision-making. It helps identify and address potential errors before they occur, enhancing patient safety. Other choices lack the hands-on, practical approach of simulations and may not adequately prepare professionals for real-world situations. Simulation experiences are crucial for enhancing clinical competence and reducing medical errors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: the federally coordinated National Disaster Medical System (NDMS). This system is specifically designed to provide medical care and support during disasters, including incidents involving mass casualties like the suicide bombing in the question. NDMS can rapidly deploy medical teams, equipment, and supplies to support local medical responses. Choice B is incorrect because local homeland communities may not have the necessary resources and capabilities to handle a large-scale medical emergency like this. Choice C is incorrect because while the Medical Reserve Corps can provide additional support, it may not have the same level of coordination and resources as the NDMS. Choice D is incorrect as the National Incident Management System focuses on overall coordination of all emergency response efforts, not specifically medical care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the Affordable Care Act of 2011 aimed to provide health care benefits to millions who were previously uninsurable or unable to afford insurance. This is in line with the main goal of the act, which was to increase access to affordable health care for Americans. Choice A is incorrect as the act does not mandate educational requirements for nurses. Choice C is incorrect as the act does not specifically cap the amount that hospitals and physicians can charge for procedures. Choice D is incorrect as the act focuses on expanding access to health insurance rather than directly subsidizing private insurance companies to reduce costs for individuals with chronic illnesses.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: diagnosis-related groups (DRGs). This classification system assigns a fixed price to specific diagnoses or procedures, such as pneumonia, for reimbursement purposes. DRGs aim to standardize payment based on patient diagnosis and treatment, promoting efficiency and cost containment in healthcare. B: Subjective symptom management is not a classification system for reimbursement but rather a method of addressing patient symptoms. C: Acuity classification system refers to determining the level of care a patient needs based on severity, not reimbursement. D: Organized managed care involves coordination of healthcare services and providers, not specific classification for reimbursement.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: outcomes. Nursing education focused on outcomes aligns with real-world practice by emphasizing measurable results and the impact of nursing interventions on patient care. Objectives (B) are specific steps to achieve outcomes, while goals (C) are broader aims. Subjective appraisals (D) lack the objective, evidence-based focus required in nursing education. Therefore, focusing on outcomes ensures that nursing students are prepared for the demands of real-world practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Qi gong. Qi gong is a form of energy therapy that focuses on balancing the body's energy flow. It involves gentle movements, meditation, and breathing exercises to promote healing and overall well-being. Osteopathy (B) is a manual therapy focusing on physical manipulation of the body, not energy. Imagery (C) involves mental visualization, not energy manipulation. Healing touch (D) is a form of energy therapy, but Qi gong is a more widely recognized and specific example in this context.