ATI RN
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
An older adult client is diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and a cardiac dysrhythmia. What would the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A beta blocker would likely be prescribed for an older adult client diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and a cardiac dysrhythmia. Beta blockers are commonly used to manage dysrhythmias by slowing down the heart rate, reducing the workload of the heart, and improving its efficiency. They can also help in preventing arrhythmias and improving overall cardiac function in individuals with cardiomyopathy. Additionally, beta blockers have been shown to reduce mortality and improve symptoms in patients with various cardiac conditions. Therefore, it is a suitable medication choice for this client's condition.
Question 2 of 9
The nurse is assessing a client being treated for congestive heart failure (CHF). Which physical findings would indicate that the client's condition is not improving? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wheezing breath sounds in all lobes indicate airway obstruction or narrowing, which may be a sign of worsening heart failure leading to pulmonary congestion. Wheezing can be a result of fluid accumulation in the lungs (pulmonary edema) due to inadequate pumping of the heart in CHF. Monitoring for respiratory symptoms such as wheezing is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of treatment for congestive heart failure. In this case, the presence of wheezing suggests that the client's condition is not improving and requires further evaluation and intervention.
Question 3 of 9
How would this blood pressure be categorized for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Based on the blood pressure categories defined by the American Heart Association, hypertension is classified as having a systolic blood pressure (top number) of 130 mm Hg or higher and/or a diastolic blood pressure (bottom number) of 80 mm Hg or higher. The client's blood pressure reading of 150/90 mm Hg falls within the range of hypertension, indicating elevated blood pressure levels that may require monitoring and/or intervention to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse is reviewing a patient’s manifestations to determine if dementia is present. What information will help the nurse with this determination? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Dementia causes impaired short- and long-term memory: Impaired memory is a common symptom of dementia, affecting both short-term and long-term memory. Patients may struggle to remember recent events or past memories, which can significantly impact their daily functioning.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is teaching a patient self-care approaches for a sprained ankle. For which reason should the nurse emphasize the use of ice after this type of injury?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse should emphasize the use of ice after a sprained ankle because it helps decrease the diameter of blood vessels. By applying ice to the injured area, vasoconstriction occurs, which means the blood vessels constrict and become narrower. This helps reduce swelling, inflammation, and pain associated with the injury. Cold therapy through the application of ice is a common approach used in the immediate management of sprains and strains to promote healing and alleviate discomfort.
Question 6 of 9
An older adult client is diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and a cardiac dysrhythmia. What would the nurse expect to be prescribed for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A beta blocker would likely be prescribed for an older adult client diagnosed with cardiomyopathy and a cardiac dysrhythmia. Beta blockers are commonly used to manage dysrhythmias by slowing down the heart rate, reducing the workload of the heart, and improving its efficiency. They can also help in preventing arrhythmias and improving overall cardiac function in individuals with cardiomyopathy. Additionally, beta blockers have been shown to reduce mortality and improve symptoms in patients with various cardiac conditions. Therefore, it is a suitable medication choice for this client's condition.
Question 7 of 9
An older patient with heart failure is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) 125 mg by mouth three times a week. What action should the nurse take regarding this prescribed medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For an older patient with heart failure prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) 125 mcg by mouth three times a week, the nurse should administer the drug as prescribed while monitoring for manifestations of toxicity. Digoxin is a medication commonly used in heart failure, but it has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small. Older patients are more susceptible to digoxin toxicity due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, as well as potential comorbidities. Therefore, close monitoring for signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity, such as nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and cardiac arrhythmias, is essential. It is important for the nurse to be vigilant for any early signs of toxicity and communicate any concerns to the healthcare provider promptly.
Question 8 of 9
A client is scheduled for temporary pacemaker insertion. What instruction will this client need prior to discharge?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client who is scheduled for temporary pacemaker insertion is to use battery-powered equipment. This is because temporary pacemakers are powered by an external power source, typically a battery pack worn by the client. Therefore, it is important for the client to be aware of this and ensure that they have access to the necessary battery-powered equipment at home for the pacemaker to function properly. The other options are not appropriate instructions for a client with a temporary pacemaker.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is instructing an older adult client about atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat elevated cholesterol. Which side effects should the nurse advise the client to report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a medication commonly used to treat high cholesterol levels. One of the serious side effects associated with atorvastatin use is muscle pain and weakness. This could be a sign of a rare but serious condition known as rhabdomyolysis, which is the breakdown of muscle tissue that can lead to kidney damage. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to report any muscle pain or weakness promptly to their healthcare provider to prevent any serious complications. Headaches and nausea are common side effects that may not require urgent attention. Bruising and excessive bleeding usually indicate a different issue, such as a bleeding disorder or anticoagulant medication effect. Shortness of breath and coughing are not typically associated with atorvastatin use and may suggest other health problems that require evaluation by a healthcare provider.