ATI RN
NCLEX questions on chemotherapy drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
An inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis useful against anerobes:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metronidazole disrupts DNA in anaerobes, unlike ciprofloxacin (aerobic gram-negatives), rifampicin (RNA polymerase), or clinafloxacin (broad-spectrum).
Question 2 of 5
Twenty months after finishing her chemotherapy, the woman had a relapse of breast cancer. The cancer was now unresponsive to standard doses of chemotherapy. The decision was made to treat the patient with high-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. Which of the following drugs is most likely to be used to mobilize the peripheral blood stem cells for the patient's autologous stem cell transplantation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: G-CSF (Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor) is commonly used to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells for autologous stem cell transplantation by stimulating the bone marrow to release stem cells into the bloodstream.
Question 3 of 5
A 31-year-old man has gonorrhea. He has no drug allergies, but he recalls that a few years ago while in Africa he had acute hemolysis following use of an antimalarial drug. The physician is concerned that the patient has an accompanying urethritis due to C trachomatis, though no cultures or enzyme tests have been performed. Which of the following drugs is most likely to be effective against gonococci and to eradicate C trachomatis in this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cefixime is effective against both Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, and it is safe in patients with a history of hemolysis (likely G6PD deficiency), unlike sulfa drugs or some quinolones.
Question 4 of 5
This drug is the preferred agent for teatment of nocardiosis and, in combination with pyrimethamine, is prophylactic against preumocystis carinii infections in AIDS patiens.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sulfadiazine is the preferred treatment for nocardiosis and, combined with pyrimethamine, is effective prophylaxis against Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) in AIDS patients.
Question 5 of 5
The primary reason for the use of drug combinations in the treatment of tuberculosis is to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Combination therapy in tuberculosis primarily aims to delay or prevent the emergence of drug resistance by targeting different bacterial populations and mechanisms.