ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2023 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
An infection in a central venous access device is not eliminated by giving antibiotics through the catheter. How would bacterial glycocalyx contribute to this?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The bacterial glycocalyx is a sticky, gelatinous substance that surrounds the bacterial cell wall. It helps protect the bacteria from antibiotic and immunologic destruction by forming a barrier that prevents antibiotics and immune cells from effectively reaching and eliminating the bacterial infection. This protection allows the bacteria to persist and cause persistent infections, even when antibiotics are administered through the catheter.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is receiving intravenous (IV) potassium supplements. What is the most important nursing implication when administering this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV potassium must always be diluted in IV fluids and administered via an infusion pump to prevent rapid infusion, which can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. Administering undiluted potassium or too quickly can lead to hyperkalemia and cardiac arrest. While central lines (A) are sometimes used, potassium can also be given through a peripheral IV if properly diluted. Chilling potassium (C) is unnecessary and could cause discomfort. Preservatives (D) are not a primary concern with IV potassium administration.
Question 3 of 5
Dr. Smith orders a gram of human salt poor albumin product for a patient. The product is available in a 50-milliliter vial with a concentration of 25 percent. What dosage will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To calculate the dosage of human salt poor albumin product that the nurse will administer, we need to determine the volume of product containing 1 gram of albumin.
Question 4 of 5
Which drug in the following list has an analgesic effect which is not mediated wholly or partly by binding to opioid receptors?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Analgesics often act via opioid receptors. Codeine, a weak mu-opioid agonist, relieves mild pain. Tramadol combines mu agonism with serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibition. Dextropropoxyphene is a mu agonist, buprenorphine a partial agonist. Nefopam's analgesia involves monoamine reuptake inhibition and possibly NMDA antagonism, not opioid receptors, distinguishing it. This non-opioid mechanism suits patients intolerant to opioids, offering an alternative in pain management.
Question 5 of 5
The patient is scheduled to have an EEG to confirm the presence of a sleep disorder. The patient asks the nurse to describe NREM stage 3 sleep. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NREM stage 3, deep sleep, restores energy-lack causes fatigue and mood dips, per sleep physiology. Stage 1 is lightest, anxiety-sensitive. Dreaming is REM, not here-irritability ties to REM loss. Paradoxical is REM. Deep sleep's role explains EEG focus, answering accurately.