ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
An infant with marked cyanotic heart defect with decreased pulmonary vascularity should be treated with:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Prostaglandin E1 maintains the patency of the ductus arteriosus, allowing blood to bypass obstructed or underdeveloped pulmonary circulation, improving oxygenation in cyanotic congenital heart diseases like pulmonary atresia or transposition of the great arteries.
Question 2 of 5
Schizophrenia generally presents in adolescence or early adulthood. However, it may appear in children. Which of the following is true regarding childhood-onset schizophrenia?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Negative symptoms, such as reduced emotional expression and motivation, are more common in childhood-onset schizophrenia.
Question 3 of 5
The belief that major structural brain development is completed in childhood is outdated. Neuromaturation continues into the
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neuromaturation extends well into the third decade of life, impacting cognitive and emotional regulation.
Question 4 of 5
In metabolic disorders, which disorder is most likely to be associated with cerebral edema if improperly treated?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypernatremia, if corrected too rapidly, can lead to cerebral edema due to rapid osmotic shifts in the brain.
Question 5 of 5
A 1-year-old child (10 kg) presents with urticaria and wheeze after eating peanut butter. What is the correct management?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For anaphylaxis, intramuscular (IM) adrenaline at 0.01 mg/kg (1:1000) is the recommended treatment, equating to 0.1 mL for a 10 kg child.