An inborn error of metabolism that causes a premature destruction of RBC?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an inborn error of metabolism that leads to the premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis). G6PD is an enzyme responsible for protecting red blood cells from oxidative damage. In individuals with G6PD deficiency, the red blood cells are more susceptible to oxidative stress, leading to their destruction and resulting in hemolytic anemia. This condition is commonly triggered by certain medications, infections, or dietary factors that cause oxidative stress, leading to hemolysis. Homocystinuria, Phenylketonuria, and Celiac Disease are metabolic disorders that do not typically result in the premature destruction of red blood cells.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a patient with diabetes mellitus type 1 showing symptoms of hypoglycemia, it is important to take immediate action to raise their blood sugar levels. The best way to quickly raise blood sugar levels in a hypoglycemic patient is by giving them a simple sugar, such as honey, fruit juice, or glucose tablets. These sugars are rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream, providing a quick source of energy to the body. Milk, which was mentioned in option B, contains complex sugars and fats that may delay the increase in blood sugar levels. It is crucial to act promptly in a hypoglycemic situation, as untreated hypoglycemia can lead to serious complications, including seizures and loss of consciousness. Contacting the healthcare provider before giving treatment, as in option C, may cause dangerous delays in addressing the low blood sugar situation. Option D, giving the child nothing by mouth, is not appropriate in this scenario as it can wors

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a condition characterized by a low platelet count. Aspirin is a known blood thinner and can further decrease platelet function, potentially worsening thrombocytopenia. Therefore, Mr. and Mrs. Robertson's son should avoid taking aspirin to prevent any exacerbation of his condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Replacing regular nipples with easy-to-suck ones would be appropriate to promote optimal nutrition for the infant with heart failure. Infants with heart failure may have difficulty feeding due to fatigue and respiratory distress. Using easy-to-suck nipples can help the infant conserve energy during feeding and promote adequate intake. This intervention aims to make feeding easier for the infant and improve overall nutrition status.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an inherited genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene, leading to the production of thick, sticky mucus. This increased viscosity affects various organs and systems in the body, causing multiple clinical manifestations. The abnormal secretions block the airways in the lungs, leading to recurrent lung infections, breathing difficulties, and ultimately respiratory failure. In the digestive system, the thick mucus blocks the pancreatic ducts, impairing the release of digestive enzymes, which can result in malabsorption and malnutrition. Additionally, the thick secretions can affect the liver, leading to complications like liver disease. Therefore, the primary factor responsible for the multiple clinical manifestations in cystic fibrosis is the increased viscosity of the mucous gland secretions, which impacts various systems in the body.