An immigrant from China needs a colonic resection but is anxious and reluctant about surgery. This patient usually follows traditional Chinese health practices. Which comment by the nurse would most likely reduce the patient's anxiety and reluctance?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why answer D is correct: 1. Acknowledges patient's anxiety and reluctance. 2. Offers an alternative traditional Chinese health practice (acupuncture). 3. Shows respect for patient's cultural background and preferences. 4. Addresses potential pain management concerns. 5. Promotes trust and collaboration between patient and healthcare team. Summary of other choices: A: Incorrect - Relates surgery to traditional Chinese concepts inaccurately. B: Incorrect - Uses vague language that may confuse or increase anxiety. C: Incorrect - Patronizing tone, lacks specific information or alternative options.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Meditative practices. Meditative practices, such as mindfulness meditation, have been shown to effectively reduce anxiety symptoms when combined with traditional Western medicine. Meditation promotes relaxation and stress reduction, complementing the treatment of anxiety disorders. Electroconvulsive therapy (A) is a drastic treatment typically used for severe depression, not anxiety. Mega doses of vitamins (B) have not been proven effective for anxiety treatment and can be harmful in high quantities. Herbal therapy (D) may have interactions with traditional medications and should be used cautiously.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "What do you eat in a typical day?" This question directly assesses the patient's eating patterns, which is essential in evaluating potential eating disorders. It provides specific information on the patient's dietary habits, allowing the nurse to identify any unhealthy behaviors or patterns. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: "Do you often feel fat?" This question focuses on body image rather than eating patterns. B: "Who plans the family meals?" This question is not directly related to the patient's individual eating habits. D: "What do you think about your present weight?" This question is more about body image and self-perception rather than eating patterns.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Observe for adverse effects associated with refeeding. This is important because refeeding syndrome can occur when a malnourished individual is given too much nutrition too quickly, leading to potentially life-threatening electrolyte imbalances. Monitoring for signs and symptoms of refeeding syndrome is crucial in managing the patient's refeeding process. Choice A (Communicate empathy) is important but not the most critical in this situation. Choice C (Teach about psychological origins) may be helpful in understanding the disorder but is not the priority at this stage. Choice D (Direct patient to balance energy expenditure) is not the most important as refeeding should be carefully monitored before focusing on energy balance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Mr. J. is 35 years old, indicating he is in the early adulthood stage of life. Step 2: In early adulthood, individuals are typically focused on forming intimate relationships. Step 3: Intimacy vs. isolation is the psychosocial stage in Erikson's theory that corresponds to early adulthood. Summary: A: Intimacy vs. isolation is correct for Mr. J. as he is at an age where forming close relationships is a key developmental task. B: Generativity vs. self-absorption is more relevant to middle adulthood. C: Trust vs. mistrust is in infancy. D: Autonomy vs. shame and doubt occurs in toddlerhood.