ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
An especially leaky type of capillary found in the liver and certain other tissues is called a
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sinusoid capillaries (C) in the liver are highly permeable with wide gaps, allowing large molecule exchange. Fenestrated (B) have pores, capillary beds (A) are networks, metarterioles (D) are precapillary.
Question 2 of 5
Which component of the heart conduction system would have the slowest rate of firing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The AV node (A) has the slowest intrinsic rate (~40-60 bpm) to delay impulses, allowing atrial contraction.
Question 3 of 5
The pulmonary trunk and aorta are derived from which primitive heart structure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The truncus arteriosus (D) divides into the pulmonary trunk and aorta during development.
Question 4 of 5
A client with congestive heart disease returns to the clinic with muscle aching. The physician orders a potassium level, which shows hypokalemia. The drug regimen includes furosemide (Lasix) 80 mg b.i.d. In addition to treatment with a potassium supplement, the nurse administers which of the following prescribed drugs?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spironolactone (C), a potassium-sparing diuretic, counters furosemide’s potassium loss. Bumetanide (A) and torsemide (B) are loop diuretics, clonidine (D) is an antihypertensive.
Question 5 of 5
The atrioventricular valves close preventing backflow of blood into:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The atrioventricular (AV) valves (mitral and tricuspid) close during ventricular systole to prevent backflow into the atria as the ventricles contract and empty. They open during diastole to allow atrial filling into the ventricles, making B correct.