An employee in a laboratory drops a flask, resulting in the chemical splashing into her eyes. What is the agent in this scenario?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chemical. In this scenario, the agent causing harm to the employee's eyes is the chemical that splashed into them. The chemical is directly responsible for the adverse effects, making it the primary agent in this incident. The other choices (B: Employee, C: Flask, D: Laboratory) are not the direct cause of harm in this situation. The employee is the victim, the flask is the object that contained the chemical, and the laboratory is the location where the incident occurred. Only the chemical itself is the active agent that caused the harm, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Epp's document emphasizes community and policy focus in health promotion. Step 2: Public participation is crucial in community and policy-focused health promotion. Step 3: Epp recommended actions that foster public participation. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Summary: A: Cooperation with WHO is not directly related to community and policy focus. B: Denying social and economic goals contradicts Epp's approach. D: Focusing solely on disease prevention in limited areas goes against Epp's comprehensive approach.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because self-efficacy refers to one's belief in their ability to accomplish specific tasks or goals. Making healthy food choices while grocery shopping demonstrates self-efficacy as it shows confidence in choosing nutritious options. This choice aligns with Bandura's theory of self-efficacy, where individuals perceive their actions as directly influencing outcomes. Choices A, B, and C do not directly relate to self-efficacy as they involve seeking external help or resources rather than demonstrating personal agency and belief in one's abilities.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Harm reduction. Harm reduction focuses on minimizing the negative consequences of risky behaviors rather than trying to eliminate them completely. It recognizes that certain behaviors may be difficult to prevent entirely and aims to reduce harm associated with those behaviors. Health promotion (A) focuses on promoting overall health and well-being rather than specifically addressing harmful behaviors. Tertiary care (C) refers to specialized medical care for individuals with complex healthcare needs and is not directly related to modifying behaviors. Risk avoidance (D) involves completely avoiding risky behaviors rather than mitigating their potential harm.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Failure to consider client and contextual differences. In this scenario, the CHN implemented a program based on previous research showing improved retention using computer games. However, the negative outcome suggests that the older persons in this community have unique needs or preferences that were not accounted for. This failure to consider client and contextual differences likely led to the poor outcome. Choice B is incorrect because it assumes the evidence was not incorporated adequately, but the problem lies in not considering the specific needs of the older persons. Choice C is incorrect as the quality of research evidence was not the issue. Choice D is incorrect because the CHN's lack of skills in evaluating evidence does not directly explain the poor outcome; rather, it was the failure to consider client and contextual differences that led to the result.