ATI RN
Pharmacology ATI Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
An adult patient has been taking a drug (Drug A) that is highly metabolized by the cytochrome p-450 system. He has been on this medication for 6 months. At this time, he is started on a second medication (Drug B) that is an inducer of the cytochrome p-450 system. You should monitor this patient for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Drug B, as an inducer of the cytochrome p-450 system, increases the metabolism of Drug A, leading to lower plasma concentrations and reduced therapeutic effects of Drug A. This interaction is a common concern in polypharmacy, where one drug affects the metabolism of another. Monitoring for decreased efficacy of Drug A is essential to ensure the patient receives adequate treatment. Increased adverse effects of Drug B or decreased effects of Drug B are less likely in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A patient suffering from generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) has a history of drug dependence that includes the illicit use of secobarbital ('reds') and a variety of other drugs. Psychotherapy is indicated, but the physician also prescribes a drug that can be helpful in GAD and that has the advantage of no abuse liability. The drug prescribed was most likely to have been
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Buspirone, a 5HT1A partial agonist, treats GAD by modulating serotonin without sedative or euphoric effects, making it ideal for patients with substance abuse histories like secobarbital (a barbiturate). It lacks abuse potential, unlike benzodiazepines, and doesn't cause dependence, aligning with the patient's needs. Bupropion, an NE/DA reuptake inhibitor, targets depression and smoking cessation, not GAD, and has stimulant-like risks. Baclofen, a GABA_B agonist, manages spasticity, not anxiety, and has some abuse potential. Buprenorphine, an opioid partial agonist, treats addiction but not GAD and carries dependence risk. Phenobarbital, a barbiturate, mirrors the patient's abuse history and is contraindicated. Buspirone's efficacy in GAD, non-addictive nature, and safety in this context make it the optimal choice.
Question 3 of 5
Your patient is on the medication Lithium for bipolar I disorder. What major side e昀昀ect should you monitor the patient for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lithium is a medication commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. One of the major side effects of lithium therapy is the risk of developing seizures, especially when the blood level of lithium becomes too high (lithium toxicity). Therefore, it is crucial to monitor patients on lithium therapy for signs of seizures, such as convulsions, loss of consciousness, or twitching. Monitoring lithium levels regularly and adjusting the dosage as needed can help reduce the risk of seizures in patients taking this medication.
Question 4 of 5
A 43-year-old woman with a history of hypertension drinks one to two cups of coffee per day. She has been doing this for 3 months. As a result of her continued behavior, which of the following effects of coffee is most likely for her?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Daily coffee (caffeine) for 3 months likely leads to tolerance . Regular use reduces adenosine blockade's stimulant effect. Fatigue decrease and alertness wane with tolerance. Tremors and withdrawal (E) need higher doses or cessation. Tolerance fits her chronic intake.
Question 5 of 5
Which is appropriate nursing care for a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in an acute care setting? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Monitoring blood glucose (A) is critical because TPN can cause hyperglycemia. Measuring intake and output (B) helps assess fluid balance. Monitoring the insertion site (D) is essential to detect infection or infiltration. Blood should never be administered through the TPN line (C) due to risk of contamination.