ATI RN
Pediatric Nursing Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
An adult is brought in by ambulance after a motor vehicle accident. He is unconscious, on a backboard with his neck immobilized. He is bleeding profusely from a large gash on his right thigh. What is the first action the nurse should take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The first action the nurse should take in this situation is to check the patient's airway. Ensuring a patent airway is a critical step as it is essential for breathing and oxygenation. In this case, the unconscious patient may be at risk of airway obstruction due to various factors such as blood, secretions, or swelling from the injury. By checking the airway first, the nurse can quickly identify and address any blockages or issues that may compromise the patient's ability to breathe effectively. Once the airway is secured, the nurse can then proceed to address the other needs of the patient, such as controlling bleeding and stabilizing other vital signs.
Question 2 of 5
A neonate presents with cyanosis that worsens with feeding and improves with crying. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choanal atresia is a congenital nasal obstruction that causes cyanosis that worsens with feeding and improves with crying, since crying opens the mouth for breathing. Bilateral atresia requires urgent intervention.
Question 3 of 5
After being in remission from Hodgkin's disease for 18 months, a client develops a fever of unknown origin. The physician orders a blind liver biopsy to rule out advancing Hodgkin'sdisease and infection. Twenty-four hours after the biopsy, the client has a fever, complains of severe abdominal pain, and seems increasingly confused. The nurse suspects that these finding result from:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms of fever, severe abdominal pain, and increasing confusion following a liver biopsy are indicative of a potential complication such as bleeding in the liver caused by the biopsy. Hepatic bleeding can lead to abdominal pain and can cause a change in the level of consciousness. These symptoms should prompt immediate medical attention to address the bleeding and prevent further complications. Perforation of the colon, an allergic reaction to contrast media, or normal post-procedural pain would not typically present with these specific symptoms in this context.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is a common feature of vasculitis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vasculitis can cause skin lesions, nerve damage, and organ dysfunction due to blood vessel inflammation, making 'All of the above' the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
A term infant is born with Apgar scores of 5 at minute and 7 at 5 minutes The infant has a heart rate of 7 and demonstrates pallor with hepatosplenomegaly A Coombs test on maternal blood yields positive results The most likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erythroblastosis fetalis is caused by Rh incompatibility, leading to hemolysis, anemia, and hepatosplenomegaly