An adult has and IV line in the right forearm infusing D5 ½ NS with 20 mEq of potassium at 75 ml/h. which statement would be a correct report from the RN?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Correct Answer: C Rationale: 1. Potassium is typically administered on a secondary line to prevent rapid infusion and potential adverse effects. 2. The primary line carries the D5 ½ NS solution without potassium, while the secondary line delivers the potassium. 3. Reporting that "potassium is on the secondary line" accurately describes the setup for this IV infusion. Summary: A: Incorrect - Incorrectly states that the potassium bag is piggybacked into the dextrose. B: Incorrect - Closing the clamp below the D5 ½ NS bag is unnecessary and does not address the potassium infusion. D: Incorrect - Fails to address the specific issue of the potassium infusion being on a secondary line.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lung cancer. Lung cancer causes the most deaths in women due to its high mortality rate. It is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, leading to poorer outcomes. Breast cancer, although common, has a lower mortality rate compared to lung cancer. Brain cancer is relatively rare in comparison. Colon and rectal cancer, while significant, do not surpass lung cancer in terms of causing the most deaths in women.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 15 to 20 g of a fast-acting carbohydrate such as orange juice. In this scenario, the client is experiencing hypoglycemia, which can lead to confusion and abnormal behavior. Administering fast-acting carbohydrates like orange juice will help quickly raise the blood sugar levels. This is the first-line treatment for conscious patients with hypoglycemia. Choice A (I.M. or subcutaneous glucagon) is used for unconscious patients or when oral intake is not possible. Choice B (I.V. bolus of dextrose 50%) is too aggressive for a conscious patient and may lead to complications. Choice D (10 U of fast-acting insulin) would further lower the blood sugar levels and worsen the situation. Administering fast-acting carbohydrates is the safest and most effective approach for conscious patients with hypoglycemia to quickly raise their blood sugar levels and resolve their symptoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B - Avoid traumatic injuries and exposure to any infection. For a client with pancytopenia caused by chemotherapy, their immune system is compromised, making them more susceptible to infections and bleeding. By avoiding traumatic injuries and exposure to infections, the client can reduce the risk of complications. Option A is incorrect because aggressive mouth care may further damage the already compromised oral mucosa. Option C is incorrect because excessive fluid intake may not be necessary and could worsen electrolyte imbalances. Option D is incorrect because muscle cramps and tingling sensations are not directly related to the main concern of infection and bleeding in pancytopenia.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to the stress of surgery. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response, which includes the conservation of fluids during stressful situations. Dark amber and concentrated urine indicates dehydration, which can be a result of the sympathetic nervous system conserving fluids. B: The sympathetic nervous system does not "diereses" (increase urination) in response to stress. C: The parasympathetic nervous system is not involved in fluid conservation during stress. D: The parasympathetic nervous system does not "diereses" fluid in response to stress.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Performing a physical examination. This method allows the nurse to collect objective data directly from the patient, which is crucial in establishing a comprehensive patient database. By assessing the patient's physical condition, the nurse can gather vital information such as vital signs, overall health status, and potential areas of concern. Reviewing literature (A) and checking orders for tests (B) may provide additional insights but are not direct data collection methods. Ordering medications (D) is a treatment intervention, not a data collection method.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Potato. Potatoes are high in potassium, which is essential for various bodily functions. Potatoes can help increase potassium intake in patients who require it. Bread, eggs, and cereal are not as rich in potassium as potatoes. Increasing intake of these foods won't provide the necessary boost in potassium levels needed for the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. In hypovolemia, the body compensates by increasing heart rate (B: Tachycardia) to maintain perfusion, decreasing urine output (C: Oliguria) to conserve fluid, and increasing respiratory rate (D: Tachypnea) to improve oxygenation. Hypertension is not a typical compensatory response to hypovolemia; instead, blood pressure tends to decrease due to reduced circulating volume. Therefore, hypertension is the symptom that would not be expected in a patient with hypovolemic shock.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bacon. Bacon contains the highest kilocalorie among the given choices due to its high fat content. Fat provides 9 kilocalories per gram, while carbohydrates (like in bread and apple) provide 4 kilocalories per gram and protein (like in chicken) provides 4 kilocalories per gram. Bacon, being high in fat, has more kilocalories compared to the other choices. Summary: A: Apple - Low in fat, primarily consists of carbohydrates, hence lower in kilocalories. B: Chicken - Contains protein, lower in kilocalories compared to fat, hence not the highest kilocalorie choice. D: Bread - Mainly consists of carbohydrates, lower in kilocalories compared to fat, making it not the highest kilocalorie choice.