ATI RN
Pediatric NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
An adult has a Hickman type central venous catheter and needs to have blood drawn from it. Which of the following should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Before drawing blood from a central venous catheter like a Hickman type, it is essential to ensure that the catheter is patent and free of any clots. Flushing the catheter with a heparinized solution (to prevent clot formation) before withdrawing blood helps clear the catheter and ensures accurate blood sample collection. Removing clots or obstructions from the catheter is crucial to prevent complications and maintain the catheter's function. Therefore, it is important to first flush the catheter with a heparinized solution before drawing blood from it.
Question 2 of 5
A 4-year-old weighing 15 kg produces 150 mL of urine in 10 hours. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Expected urine output is 0.5-1 mL/kg/hr. For a 15-kg child over 10 hours, 75-150 mL is within normal limits.
Question 3 of 5
A 68-year old client has been complaining of sleeping more, increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain that interferes with her going outdoors. Based on these assessment findings, the nurse would suspect which of the following disorders?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms described in the client, such as increased urination, anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain suggest hyperparathyroidism. In hyperparathyroidism, excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. This results in symptoms such as increased thirst and urination (polyuria), anorexia, weakness, irritability, depression, and bone pain. The bone pain in hyperparathyroidism can be severe and interfere with the client's ability to go outdoors. It is essential to consider hyperparathyroidism as a potential cause of these symptoms in the 68-year-old client and further diagnostic evaluations should be conducted to confirm the diagnosis.
Question 4 of 5
An infant with an unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot defect is becoming extremely cyanotic during a routine blood draw. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Place in order from the highest-priority intervention to the lowest-priority intervention. Provide the answer using lowercase letters separated by commas (e.g., a, b, c, d).
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Highest-priority intervention: Place the infant in the knee-chest position. This position can help increase systemic vascular resistance and reduce the shunting of blood from right to left in tetralogy of Fallot, temporarily improving oxygenation.
Question 5 of 5
The serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level is elevated with some malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs) especially endodermal sinus tumors; it can be used as a measure of treatment response and during follow-up after completion of chemotherapy. However, it is normally elevated during infancy. At which age does AFP physiologically fall to normal adult level?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: AFP levels typically normalize by around one year of age.