ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
An adolescent was arrested for prostitution and assault on a parent. The adolescent says, 'I hate my parents. They focus all attention on my brother, who's perfect in their eyes.' Which type of therapy might promote the greatest change in the adolescent's behavior?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Family therapy. Family therapy is the most appropriate type of therapy as it focuses on addressing the family dynamics and communication patterns that may contribute to the adolescent's behavior. By involving the entire family in therapy sessions, underlying issues can be identified and resolved, leading to positive changes in the adolescent's behavior. B: Bibliotherapy involves the use of books to help individuals understand and cope with their emotions. While it may be beneficial for the adolescent to explore their feelings, it may not directly address the family issues contributing to their behavior. C: Play therapy utilizes play to help children express their thoughts and emotions. While it can be helpful for younger children, it may not be as effective for addressing the complex family dynamics influencing the adolescent's behavior. D: Art therapy involves the use of art to help individuals express themselves. While it can be a valuable form of self-expression, it may not target the underlying family problems that need to be addressed for significant behavior change.
Question 2 of 5
An 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins shouting at the nurse. What is the nurse's initial action to defuse the situation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial action for the nurse to defuse the situation with the 11-year-old diagnosed with ODD is to take the child swimming at the facility's pool (Choice B). This action can help the child release pent-up emotions through physical activity, providing a positive outlet for their anger. Swimming can also have a calming effect on the child's nervous system, promoting relaxation and reducing stress levels. By engaging in a fun and physical activity, the child may be able to regulate their emotions and behavior more effectively than discussing feelings or establishing a behavioral contract in the heat of the moment. Administering an anxiolytic medication (Choice D) should not be the initial response as it does not address the root cause of the behavior, and it is important to try non-pharmacological interventions first. Choices A and C may be helpful in the long term but are not as immediate or appropriate in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
An adolescent was recently diagnosed with ODD. The parents say to the nurse, 'Isn't there some medication that will help with this problem?' Select the nurse's best response.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, as medication is not typically the first line of treatment for Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). The nurse should educate the parents on the importance of behavioral strategies as the primary intervention. Medications are usually reserved for cases where behavioral approaches have not been effective or for co-occurring conditions. Option A is too absolute and dismissive. Option B is a general statement and does not address the specific situation. Option D provides inaccurate information by suggesting that medications are the main solution without considering other interventions. By selecting option C, the nurse acknowledges the parents' concerns while redirecting the focus towards more appropriate strategies for managing ODD.
Question 4 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar I disorder is distraught over insomnia experienced over the past 3 nights and a 12-lb weight loss over the past 2 weeks. Which should be this client's priority nursing diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Altered nutrition: less than body requirements R/T hyperactivity AEB weight loss. The client's weight loss and hyperactivity indicate a potential imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, leading to altered nutrition. This should be the priority nursing diagnosis as it directly addresses the client's physical health and well-being. Choice A is incorrect because the client's primary concern is not knowledge deficit but rather the physical symptoms of weight loss and insomnia. Choice C is incorrect as the client's distress over insomnia and weight loss does not directly indicate immediate risk for suicide. Choice D is incorrect as altered sleep patterns related to mania may be a contributing factor to the insomnia, but the weight loss is a more critical issue that needs immediate attention.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with bipolar I disorder is exhibiting severe manic behaviors. A physician prescribes lithium carbonate (Eskalith) and olanzapine (Zyprexa). The client's spouse questions the Zyprexa order. Which is the appropriate nursing reply?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Zyprexa calms hyperactivity until the Eskalith takes effect. Olanzapine (Zyprexa) is an atypical antipsychotic that helps control manic symptoms quickly, providing immediate relief from hyperactivity while waiting for lithium carbonate (Eskalith) to reach therapeutic levels. It is essential to address the severe manic behaviors promptly to prevent potential harm to the client or others. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. A: Zyprexa does not cure manic symptoms; it helps manage symptoms. B: Zyprexa is not primarily used to prevent extrapyramidal side effects; it is more for managing acute manic episodes. C: Zyprexa may or may not directly ensure a good night's sleep; its primary purpose is to manage manic symptoms.