ATI RN
Psychobiological Disorder Questions
Question 1 of 5
An adolescent diagnosed with CD has aggression, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and mood symptoms. The treatment team believes this adolescent may benefit from medication. The nurse anticipates the health care provider will prescribe which type of medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Second-generation antipsychotic. In the case of an adolescent with CD presenting with aggression, impulsivity, hyperactivity, and mood symptoms, second-generation antipsychotics are often prescribed. These medications help manage symptoms such as aggression and mood instability. Antianxiety medications (B) may not address the core symptoms of CD. Calcium channel blockers (C) are not typically used for CD symptoms. Beta-blockers (D) are more commonly used for anxiety and performance-related symptoms rather than the core symptoms of CD. Therefore, the most appropriate choice for this adolescent would be a second-generation antipsychotic.
Question 2 of 5
Which one of the following disability standardized instruments is MOST specific for a patient recovering from a stroke?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Physical Performance. This instrument is specific for stroke recovery as it assesses motor function, balance, sensation, and joint functioning - all crucial areas for stroke patients. It provides detailed information on impairments and changes in motor recovery post-stroke, guiding treatment planning and monitoring progress. A: Functional Independence Measure focuses on activities of daily living, not specific to stroke recovery. C: Short Form-36 is a general health-related quality of life measure, not specific to stroke recovery. D: Berg Balance Scale assesses balance but does not cover other important aspects of motor recovery post-stroke.
Question 3 of 5
Which one of the following population groups should be consistently tested for underlying hypertension because of its higher incidence?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: African Americans. African Americans have a higher incidence of hypertension compared to other population groups. This is due to genetic factors and lifestyle differences. Consistent testing is crucial to detect hypertension early and prevent complications. Caucasians, Asians, and males over the age of 64 may also have a risk of hypertension, but it is not as consistently high as in African Americans. Regular testing in this group is essential for early detection and management.
Question 4 of 5
Tony, age 21, has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. He has been socially isolated and hearing voices telling him to kill his parents. He has been admitted to the psychiatric unit from the emergency department. The initial nursing intervention for Tony is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensure a safe environment for him and others. This is the initial nursing intervention because safety is the top priority when dealing with a patient experiencing psychotic symptoms like Tony. By ensuring a safe environment, we can prevent harm to Tony and others. Giving him an injection of Thorazine (choice A) is not the initial step as safety takes precedence. Placing him in restraints (choice C) should only be considered as a last resort for immediate danger. Ordering him a nutritious diet (choice D) is important for his overall well-being but not the immediate priority in this situation.
Question 5 of 5
Clint, a client on the psychiatric unit, has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. He begins to tell the nurse about how the CIA is looking for him and will kill him if they find him. The most appropriate response by the nurse is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: “I know you believe that, Clint, but it's really hard for me to believe.†This response acknowledges Clint's belief without validating or dismissing it, showing empathy and respect for his feelings. It avoids confrontation or denial, which could escalate his paranoia. Choice A dismisses Clint's concerns, potentially making him feel unheard and increasing his distress. Choice B minimizes Clint's beliefs, which can be invalidating and damaging to the therapeutic relationship. Choice C, while open-ended, may not address Clint's emotional needs and could lead to further delusional elaboration. Overall, choice D demonstrates empathy, validation, and nonjudgmental attitude, promoting trust and effective communication with Clint.