An adolescent diagnosed with an impulse control disorder says, 'I want to die. I spend my time getting even with people who hurt me.' When asked about a suicide plan, the adolescent replies, 'I'll jump from a bridge near my home. My father threw kittens off that bridge and they died.' Rate the suicide risk.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D (High). The adolescent's statement indicates a clear intent to die by suicide and a specific plan, which significantly increases the risk. The reference to past trauma and the method chosen suggest a high level of risk. The vendetta against those who hurt them may indicate unresolved issues contributing to suicidal ideation. Options A and B are incorrect as the adolescent has expressed suicidal intent and a specific plan, ruling out an absent or low risk. Option C is also incorrect as the level of risk is high due to the detailed plan and clear intent expressed by the adolescent.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The priority nursing diagnosis for a client diagnosed with bipolar disorder who intentionally overdoses on sertraline is "A: Risk for suicide R/T hopelessness." This is because the client's actions indicate a high risk for self-harm, which takes precedence over other diagnoses. The client's depressive episode, anorexia, insomnia, and recent job loss all contribute to feelings of hopelessness and can increase the risk of suicide. Choice B, anxiety related to hyperactivity, is not the priority because the client's intentional overdose is a more immediate concern than anxiety symptoms. Choice C, imbalanced nutrition due to refusal to eat, is not the priority because the risk of suicide is a more urgent and life-threatening issue. Choice D, dysfunctional grieving related to job loss, is not the priority as the client's immediate safety from self-harm takes precedence over grieving.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because bipolar disorder is indeed more prevalent in higher socioeconomic groups. This is because individuals with higher socioeconomic status may have better access to resources like mental health services, leading to higher rates of diagnosis. Option A is incorrect as bipolar disorder is not typically associated with lower socioeconomic groups. Option C is incorrect because the prevalence of bipolar disorder does vary across socioeconomic groups. Option D is incorrect as there is a known correlation between higher socioeconomic status and increased prevalence of bipolar disorder.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because medication non-adherence is a critical challenge in treating bipolar disorder. Clients may experience relapses, worsened symptoms, and increased risk of hospitalization without proper medication management. Clients may have various reasons for not taking their medications, such as side effects or denial of illness. On the other hand, choices A, B, and C, while important factors, do not directly impact treatment outcomes as significantly as medication non-adherence. Difficulty sleeping, irritability, and lack of insight can be addressed through therapeutic interventions and support.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because cyclothymic disorder is characterized by periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least 2 years in adults. Choice A is incorrect because 'feeling blue most of the time' suggests a more consistent depressive mood, not the fluctuating mood states seen in cyclothymic disorder. Choice C is incorrect because fixating on hopelessness and suicidal thoughts are more indicative of major depressive disorder rather than cyclothymic disorder. Choice D is incorrect because labile moods with periods of acute mania are more characteristic of bipolar I disorder, not cyclothymic disorder.