ATI RN
Age Specific Patient Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
An 18-year-old referred to the mental health center often cooks gourmet meals but eats only tiny portions. The patient wears layers of loose clothing saying, "I like the style." The patient's weight dropped from 130 to 95 pounds. She has amenorrhea. Which diagnosis is most likely?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct diagnosis is B: Anorexia nervosa. This patient exhibits key symptoms such as restrictive eating leading to significant weight loss, wearing layers of clothing to hide body shape, and amenorrhea. These symptoms align with the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa. The other choices are incorrect because they do not fully capture the combination of symptoms present in this case. Choice A (Eating disorder not otherwise specified) is too broad and does not specify the severity of the symptoms. Choice C (Bulimia nervosa) typically involves binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, which is not indicated in this case. Choice D (Binge eating) focuses solely on overeating without the restrictive eating and weight loss seen in anorexia nervosa.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is hospitalized for severe depression. Of the medications listed below, the nurse can expect to provide the patient with teaching about:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Severe depression is typically treated with antidepressants like Sertraline (Zoloft). 2. Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) commonly used to treat depression. 3. The nurse should provide teaching on how to take the medication, potential side effects, and monitoring for effectiveness. 4. Other choices (A, B, D) are not typically used as first-line treatment for severe depression and may not be appropriate for this patient.
Question 3 of 5
A depressed patient tells the nurse, "The bad things that happen are always my fault." How should the nurse respond to assist the patient to reframe this overgeneralization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it encourages the patient to challenge the overgeneralization by exploring alternative explanations for a specific event. By examining one bad thing in detail, the patient can see that not everything is their fault, promoting a more balanced perspective. A is incorrect because it simply doubts the patient's statement without providing a constructive way to reframe it. B is incorrect as it introduces the idea of being a jinx, which may further reinforce the patient's negative self-perception. C is incorrect as it diverts the focus to good things, which does not address the patient's negative beliefs about themselves.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with schizophrenia refuses to take his medication because he believes he is not ill. What phenomenon most likely underlies this presentation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because anosognosia, a symptom of schizophrenia, can prevent patients from recognizing they are ill due to the illness itself affecting their insight and awareness. Anosognosia is a neurocognitive deficit common in schizophrenia, where the brain's ability to recognize one's own illness is impaired. This leads the patient to genuinely believe they are not ill, even when presented with evidence to the contrary. Choice A: Denial is a psychological defense mechanism, not a symptom of schizophrenia. Choice B: Stigma might influence perceptions of mental illness, but it does not directly cause anosognosia in schizophrenia. Choice D: Command hallucinations can influence behavior, but they typically involve auditory commands unrelated to recognizing one's illness.
Question 5 of 5
The patient on the mental health unit who should be assessed as being at highest risk for directing violent behavior toward others is the patient who has:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because paranoid delusions of being followed by the Mafia indicate a high level of suspiciousness and potential for harm to others. This patient may act out violently in self-defense or as a reaction to perceived threats. Choice A is incorrect as OCD rituals are typically not associated with violent behavior. Choice C is incorrect as severe depression is more likely to result in self-harm rather than harm towards others. Choice D is incorrect as completed alcohol withdrawal and entering a rehabilitation program do not inherently indicate an increased risk of violent behavior towards others.