ATI RN
Digestive System Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
Amylase enzyme acts on which substrate ______________.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars like maltose and dextrin.
Question 2 of 5
A 55-year-old male presents with a history of recurring episodes of gastric pain, particularly after meals. He describes the pain as a burning sensation in the upper abdomen, which improves with antiacid use. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy reveals erosions in the duodenal mucosa. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Duodenal ulcers typically present with burning epigastric pain after meals, relieved by antacids, and are associated with mucosal erosions in the duodenum, as seen on endoscopy.
Question 3 of 5
The liver facilitates the conjugation of bilirubin with glucuronic acid, resulting in the formation of bilirubin glucuronide. The primary objective of this process is to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Conjugation makes bilirubin water-soluble, allowing its excretion in bile and urine, preventing accumulation.
Question 4 of 5
Which part(s) of the esophagus necessitate(s) input from the central nervous system to orchestrate peristalsis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The upper third of the esophagus, with striated muscle, requires CNS input (via the vagus nerve) for primary peristalsis.
Question 5 of 5
Saliva contains two enzymes. What are they?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Saliva contains salivary amylase (ptyalin) for starch digestion and lysozyme for antibacterial action. Pepsin is in the stomach, lipase is mainly pancreatic, and renin is unrelated to saliva.