Among children aged 2 months to 3 years, the most prevalent form of meningitis is caused by which microorganism?

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RN Evidence-Based Practice in Community and Public Health Assessment Questions

Question 1 of 5

Among children aged 2 months to 3 years, the most prevalent form of meningitis is caused by which microorganism?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemophilus Influenzae. In children aged 2 months to 3 years, Hemophilus Influenzae type B (Hib) is the most prevalent cause of meningitis due to their immature immune systems. Hib vaccination has significantly reduced the incidence of Hib meningitis. Morbillivirus (B) causes measles, not meningitis. Streptococcus Pneumoniae (C) and Neisseria meningitidis (D) can also cause meningitis but are less common in this age group compared to Hib.

Question 2 of 5

In the Philippines, which specie of schistosoma is endemic in certain regions?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. S. japonicum is endemic in the Philippines based on historical data and prevalence studies. 2. S. mansoni is not endemic in the Philippines; it is commonly found in Africa and South America. 3. S. malayensis is a fictional species and does not exist in reality. 4. S. haematobium is primarily found in Africa and the Middle East, not in the Philippines. Summary: The correct answer is B (S. japonicum) because it is the species known to be endemic in certain regions of the Philippines. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because S. mansoni is not endemic, S. malayensis is fictional, and S. haematobium is not found in the Philippines.

Question 3 of 5

Which is the BEST control measure for AIDS?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Using a condom during each sexual contact. This is the best control measure for AIDS because condoms are highly effective in preventing the transmission of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS. Condoms create a barrier that reduces the risk of HIV transmission through sexual contact. Being faithful to a single partner (A) may reduce the risk but does not eliminate it entirely. Avoiding sexual contact with commercial sex workers (C) is not a practical solution for everyone and does not address the risk of transmission in other sexual encounters. Making sure that one's partner does not have signs of AIDS (D) is unreliable as many individuals may be asymptomatic carriers of the virus.

Question 4 of 5

To determine the possible sources of sexually transmitted infections, which is the BEST method that may be undertaken by the public health nurse?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contact tracing. Contact tracing involves identifying and notifying individuals who may have been exposed to a sexually transmitted infection (STI) by an infected person. This method helps to break the chain of transmission and prevent further spread of the infection. It is considered the best method for determining possible sources of STIs as it directly targets individuals who have had close contact with an infected person. Summary: B: Community survey - While community surveys can provide valuable data on STI prevalence, they may not accurately identify specific sources of infection. C: Mass screening tests - Mass screening tests can detect STIs in a population, but they do not pinpoint the exact sources of the infections. D: Interview suspects - Interviewing suspects may be useful in some cases, but it may not reach all individuals who have been exposed to an STI. Contact tracing is a more comprehensive approach.

Question 5 of 5

A barangay had an outbreak of German measles. To prevent congenital rubella, what is the BEST advice that you can give to women in the first trimester of pregnancy in the barangay?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consult at the health center where rubella vaccine may be given. In the first trimester of pregnancy, it is crucial for women to consult with healthcare professionals to ensure they receive appropriate care and guidance. Rubella vaccine is contraindicated during pregnancy, but receiving the vaccine postpartum can prevent future rubella infections. This advice is the best course of action to prevent congenital rubella. A: Advising on the sign of German Measles is important, but it does not directly prevent congenital rubella in the first trimester. B: Avoiding crowded places can help reduce the risk of exposure to infections, but it is not as effective as receiving the rubella vaccine. D: Consulting a physician for rubella immunoglobulin is not the standard recommendation for prevention in the first trimester; the focus is on vaccination preconception or postpartum.

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