ATI RN
Questions on Gastrointestinal Tract Questions
Question 1 of 5
Although HAV antigens are not tested in the blood, they stimulate specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Which antibody indicates there is acute HAV infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Anti-HAV IgM. IgM antibodies indicate acute infection as they are the first antibodies produced in response to a new infection. In the case of HAV, the presence of Anti-HAV IgM suggests recent exposure to the virus. A: Anti-HBc IgG is not relevant to HAV infection. It indicates past or chronic hepatitis B infection. B: Anti-HBc IgM is specific to hepatitis B infection, not HAV. C: Anti-HAV IgG indicates past exposure or immunity to HAV, not acute infection.
Question 2 of 5
What is a common complication following a laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bile leak. After a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, bile leak is a common complication due to injury to the bile ducts during surgery. This can lead to abdominal pain, infection, and other serious complications. Wound infection (B) is less common in laparoscopic surgeries. Deep vein thrombosis (C) and pulmonary embolism (D) are more associated with prolonged immobility post-surgery, which is less of a concern in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer liquid laxative to a patient in preparation for a colonoscopy. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because chilling the laxative and pouring it over ice can help improve its taste and make it more palatable for the patient. This can encourage the patient to consume the laxative as needed for the colonoscopy preparation. Offering a small snack (choice A) may interfere with the effectiveness of the laxative. Taking the patient's temperature (choice B) is not relevant to administering a laxative. Mixing the laxative with orange juice (choice C) may alter its effectiveness and is not recommended.
Question 4 of 5
Which of these statements about the pharynx is true?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the oropharynx is indeed continuous superiorly with the nasopharynx, forming a passage for both air and food. This continuity allows for the passage of food and air between the oral and nasal cavities. A is incorrect because the pharynx extends from the nasal and oral cavities superiorly to the esophagus posteriorly, not anteriorly. C is incorrect because the nasopharynx is not involved in digestion; it primarily functions in respiration and contains the openings of the Eustachian tubes. D is incorrect because the laryngopharynx is not composed partially of cartilage; it is a muscular passage that connects the oropharynx and the esophagus.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patient asks about the best way to prevent respiratory infections. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse's response should focus on preventing respiratory infections in a patient with COPD. Step 2: Yearly flu shots are recommended to prevent influenza, a common trigger for respiratory infections in COPD. Step 3: Avoiding crowds during flu season reduces exposure to pathogens, further preventing infections. Step 4: Increasing nebulizer treatments does not directly prevent infections but may help manage COPD symptoms. Step 5: Vitamin C may have some benefits but is not a primary preventive measure for respiratory infections in COPD. Step 6: Regular antibiotic use is not recommended to prevent infections due to the risk of antibiotic resistance and potential side effects. Conclusion: Option A is the best response as it includes evidence-based strategies to prevent respiratory infections in a patient with COPD.