ATI RN
Musculoskeletal disorder Questions
Question 1 of 5
Allopurinol:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase (A), reducing uric acid, but can precipitate acute gout (B) during initiation due to urate mobilization. It’s not contraindicated in renal failure (C, dose-adjusted), can be used with NSAIDs (D), and doesn’t affect suxamethonium (E).
Question 2 of 5
Indometacin causes the following adverse effects:(Select one that does not apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Indometacin, an NSAID, can cause hepatitis (A), exacerbate cardiac failure (D) via fluid retention, and antagonize ACE inhibitors (E) by reducing prostaglandin-mediated vasodilation. B and C are not typical NSAID effects.
Question 3 of 5
A young adolescent reports chest pain associated with coughing and lifting. Physical examination reveals tenderness over several ribs, radiating to the back. Auscultation of the heart, lungs, and abdomen are normal. There is no history of injury. What will the PNP do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms suggest costochondritis, a common benign condition in adolescents with no trauma history and normal auscultation. Ibuprofen, stretching, and ice (D) are appropriate initial management. EKG (A) and x-ray (B) are unnecessary without cardiac or pulmonary signs, and referral (C) is premature.
Question 4 of 5
What clinical sign will the PNP elicit when assessing a child with a Grade II ankle sprain?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A Grade II ankle sprain involves partial ligament tearing, leading to moderate pain, swelling, tenderness, and ecchymosis (A). Mild symptoms (B) suggest Grade I, severe symptoms with ecchymosis (C) suggest Grade III, and deformity (D) indicates a fracture or severe sprain.
Question 5 of 5
Ben is an 11-year-old soccer player and presents in the clinic with pain and swelling in both knees. A physical examination reveals swelling and focal tenderness at the tibial tuberosities, with pain worsening when asked to extend the knees against resistance. What is the treatment for this condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This presentation is consistent with Osgood-Schlatter disease, a common overuse injury in active children. Ice and activity restriction (C) are the mainstay of treatment. Radiographs (A) and referral (B) are unnecessary unless symptoms persist or worsen, and stretching (D) may exacerbate pain initially.