ATI RN
Infectious Disease Pediatric Questions
Question 1 of 5
All the following statements regarding ABO incompatibility are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ABO incompatibility affects firstborns (B), is milder than Rh (C), common (D), and mild (E). It doesn’t worsen with pregnancies (A), unlike Rh.
Question 2 of 5
A 13-month-old previously healthy child presents on New Year's Eve with a 1-day history of fever, lethargy, and left-side focal motor seizure activity. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reveals 170 lymphocytes $/ \mathrm{mm}^3, 400$ red blood cells $/ \mathrm{mm}^3$, protein of $150 \mathrm{mg} / \mathrm{dL}$, and normal glucose level. MRI scan reveals right temporal abnormalities. The single most appropriate therapy to begin empirically while awaiting definitive diagnosis would be
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HSV encephalitis, suggested by temporal lobe findings and CSF lymphocytosis, requires urgent acyclovir treatment.
Question 3 of 5
Antimotility agents have a role in therapy of acute diarrhea in infants and toddlers with gastroenteritis due to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antimotility agents are contraindicated in infectious diarrhea in children due to risk of prolonged illness or complications.
Question 4 of 5
Patients who should receive prophylaxis for $P$. carinii pneumonia are those afflicted with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) increases risk for Pneumocystis pneumonia, requiring prophylaxis.
Question 5 of 5
The drug that is recommended as initial therapy for nondisseminated gonococcal disease in children and adults is
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ceftriaxone is the CDC-recommended treatment for gonococcal infections due to resistance patterns.