ATI RN
Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
All the following can be used for treatment of cerebral palsy EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the treatment of cerebral palsy, it is crucial to have a comprehensive understanding of the medications and interventions that can be used to manage symptoms effectively. The correct answer, option D - Hyperbaric oxygen, is not typically used in the treatment of cerebral palsy. Benzodiazepines (option A) are sometimes used to manage spasticity and muscle stiffness in individuals with cerebral palsy. Baclofen (option B) is a commonly prescribed muscle relaxant that can help reduce muscle tightness and spasms. Dantrolene (option C) is another medication that is used to manage muscle spasticity in conditions like cerebral palsy. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy, on the other hand, is not a mainstream treatment for cerebral palsy. While there has been some research on its potential benefits, it is not considered a standard or primary treatment for this condition. Educationally, it is important for nurses and healthcare providers to be aware of the range of treatment options available for cerebral palsy to provide holistic care to their patients. Understanding the mechanisms of action, indications, and contraindications of each treatment option is essential to ensure safe and effective care for individuals with cerebral palsy.
Question 2 of 5
SITUATION: Mr. & Mrs. Cua's first child, Homer, was born with a unilateral cleft lip & cleft palate. The lip defect extended through the floor of the nostril & communicated with the defect in the anterior palate. For Homer's parents, the most painful aspect of his deformity is probably the fact that it:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Affect his face. Homer's parents likely find the deformity most painful because it directly impacts his appearance and facial structure. This physical characteristic can lead to emotional distress and societal challenges for Homer as he grows up. Understanding this aspect helps healthcare providers offer holistic care and support to not only address the physical needs but also the emotional and psychological well-being of the child and the family. Option A) Interferes with feeding is incorrect because while cleft lip and palate can affect feeding initially, it is a challenge that can be managed with proper techniques and support. Option B) Can't be wholly corrected is incorrect because cleft lip and palate can be surgically corrected with good outcomes, although it may require multiple procedures over time. Option D) Requires lengthy repair is incorrect as while the repair process for cleft lip and palate may involve multiple interventions, the focus is not just on the length of treatment but on achieving the best possible functional and aesthetic outcomes for the child. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of understanding the emotional and psychological impact of congenital anomalies on families. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to offer comprehensive care that addresses not only the physical aspects but also the emotional well-being of the child and the family.
Question 3 of 5
Mucoviscidosis would also predispose Sonya to later development of which of the following lung disorder?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this pediatric respiratory assessment scenario, the correct answer is C) Pneumothorax. Mucoviscidosis, also known as cystic fibrosis, is a genetic disorder that affects the mucus and sweat glands in the body. In the lungs, the abnormally thick and sticky mucus can lead to recurrent lung infections and blockages in the airways. Over time, this can cause lung damage and complications such as pneumothorax, which is the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity, leading to lung collapse. Option A) Pleural effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, which is not directly linked to mucoviscidosis. Option B) Obstructive emphysema is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, typically caused by smoking or environmental factors, rather than mucoviscidosis. Option D) Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs and is not specifically associated with mucoviscidosis. Educationally, it is important to understand the respiratory complications associated with genetic disorders like mucoviscidosis to provide comprehensive care to pediatric patients. By recognizing the potential development of pneumothorax in these patients, healthcare providers can monitor and intervene early to prevent serious respiratory complications.
Question 4 of 5
A child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. The nurse would plan which priority intervention when caring for the child?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D) Maintain a structured routine and keep stimulation to a minimum. In caring for a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) admitted to the hospital with pneumonia, maintaining a structured routine and minimizing stimulation is crucial. Children with ASD often have sensory sensitivities and may become overwhelmed in new or stimulating environments, which can exacerbate their symptoms and distress. By providing a structured routine and minimizing stimulation, the nurse can create a calming and predictable environment for the child, promoting comfort and facilitating recovery. Option A) Placing the child in a room with a roommate of the same age may increase sensory input and disrupt the child's routine, leading to distress and potential worsening of symptoms. Option B) Taking the child frequently to the playroom to play with other children can overwhelm the child with social interactions and sensory stimuli, which can be challenging for a child with ASD and may hinder recovery. Option C) Maintaining frequent touch and eye contact with the child may not be appropriate as children with ASD can be sensitive to touch and eye contact, which can cause discomfort and distress. Educationally, understanding the unique needs of children with ASD is essential for nurses caring for them in various healthcare settings. Providing a supportive and accommodating environment tailored to the individual needs of each child with ASD is critical in promoting their well-being and ensuring effective care delivery.
Question 5 of 5
A parent reports to the nurse that her child has inflamed conjunctivae of both eyes with purulent drainage and crusting of the eyelids, especially on awakening. These manifestations suggest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B) Bacterial conjunctivitis. Inflamed conjunctivae with purulent drainage and crusting of the eyelids are classic symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis. This condition is commonly caused by bacterial infections such as Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pneumoniae. The purulent discharge is a key indicator of a bacterial etiology. Option A) Viral conjunctivitis typically presents with watery discharge, redness, and irritation, but not purulent drainage or crusting. Option C) Conjunctivitis caused by a foreign body would present with symptoms related to the presence of a foreign object in the eye. Option D) Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized by itching, tearing, and redness, but not typically purulent discharge or crusting. In an educational context, understanding the distinguishing characteristics of different types of conjunctivitis is crucial for nurses to provide accurate assessments and appropriate interventions. Recognizing the specific symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis can guide proper treatment, such as antibiotic eye drops, and prevent potential complications. Nurses must be adept at differentiating between the various causes of conjunctivitis to ensure effective care for pediatric patients.