ATI RN
Pediatric Infectious Disease Questions
Question 1 of 5
All the following are problems of small for gestational age infants EXCEPT
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SGA infants face anemia (A), hypothermia (B), hypoglycemia (C), and asphyxia (D) due to placental insufficiency. Pulmonary hemorrhage (E) is more typical of preterm or RDS infants, not SGA specifically.
Question 2 of 5
All the following matching regarding maternal diseases and their effect on fetus or neonate are true EXCEPT
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diabetes (A), Graves (B), SLE (D), and ITP (E) match fetal effects. Antiphospholipid syndrome (C) causes miscarriage or growth restriction, not thrombophilia in the fetus.
Question 3 of 5
A 9-month-old infant presents with history of early-onset jaundice and growth retardation; on examination there are cataracts, hepatosplenomegaly, and purpuric skin lesions; CBC revealed thrombocytopenia; echo study showed peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cataracts, purpura, thrombocytopenia, and pulmonary stenosis at 9 months point to congenital rubella (D), unlike syphilis (A), HSV (B), CMV (C), or toxoplasmosis (E) profiles.
Question 4 of 5
Ganciclovir is antiviral agent used in severely symptomatic congenital CMV infection to decrease the progression of
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Ganciclovir in congenital CMV reduces hearing loss progression (A), a key morbidity, with less impact on chorioretinitis (B), organomegaly (C), rash (D), or calcifications (E).
Question 5 of 5
The drug of choice for treatment of congenital syphilis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Penicillin (A) is the gold standard for congenital syphilis, effective against Treponema pallidum, per CDC guidelines.