ATI RN
Questions About the Respiratory System With Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
All of these statements about surfactant are true except
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: C is incorrect because according to Laplace's law, smaller alveoli have higher surface tension than larger alveoli. A is correct as surfactants stabilize alveoli. B is true as surfactants reduce surface tension. D is also true as surfactants help prevent fluid leakage. So, C is the exception.
Question 2 of 5
Nurse Reynolds caring for a client with a chest tube turns the client to the side, and the chest tube accidentally disconnects. The initial nursing action is to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct initial nursing action is to place the tube in a bottle of sterile water (Choice B) because it prevents air from entering the pleural space, reducing the risk of a tension pneumothorax. Placing the tube in sterile water maintains the water seal, allowing for proper lung expansion. Calling the physician (Choice A) can cause a delay in addressing the issue. Immediately replacing the chest tube system (Choice C) without maintaining the water seal can lead to complications. Placing a sterile dressing (Choice D) may not prevent air leakage effectively.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Oliver observes constant bubbling in the water-seal chamber of a closed chest drainage system. What should the nurse conclude?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should conclude that the closed chest drainage system has an air leak. Constant bubbling in the water-seal chamber indicates air is escaping from the system, which can lead to a loss of negative pressure needed for proper chest drainage. This could result in inadequate lung re-expansion and increased risk of pneumothorax. A: Incorrect, constant bubbling is not normal. B: Incorrect, pneumothorax would not cause constant bubbling. D: Incorrect, chest tube obstruction would not cause bubbling in the water-seal chamber.
Question 4 of 5
The characteristic of COPD that puts the patient at risk for the nursing diagnosis of "Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements" is:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Excessive respiratory effort. In COPD, the increased work of breathing due to impaired lung function leads to higher energy expenditure, resulting in decreased appetite and weight loss. This increased respiratory effort can lead to fatigue, making it difficult for the patient to eat adequately, resulting in imbalanced nutrition. Choices A, B, and C do not directly contribute to imbalanced nutrition in COPD patients. A, Increased metabolism, is not a typical feature of COPD. B, Anxiety, may affect appetite but is not the primary reason for imbalanced nutrition in COPD. C, Chronic constipation, may cause discomfort but does not directly impact nutritional intake in the same way as excessive respiratory effort.
Question 5 of 5
The recommended diet for the patient who is dyspneic is a soft diet with:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Frequent, small meals. This is recommended for a dyspneic patient to prevent feeling overly full and to reduce the effort required for digestion, thus minimizing the risk of exacerbating breathing difficulties. Three large meals (A) would likely cause discomfort and increase difficulty in breathing. A low-protein emphasis (B) is not specifically indicated for dyspneic patients unless there are underlying conditions that require protein restriction. A low-calorie emphasis (C) may lead to inadequate nutrient intake, which is crucial for supporting the body's overall health and healing process.