All of these clients are being discharged from the hospital. In planning discharge teaching, for which are you most concerned about the need to use sunscreen?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The fair-skinned 55-year-old who has just had neck surgery and plans to walk outside is most at risk for sun exposure. Sunscreen is important to prevent skin damage and reduce the risk of skin cancer, especially for fair-skinned individuals who are more susceptible to sunburn and skin damage. A: Tetracycline can cause photosensitivity, but it is not the most concerning in this scenario. C: Dark-skinned individuals have more natural protection against UV rays, so sunscreen may not be as critical. D: Although the pruritic rash may be uncomfortable, it is not directly related to the need for sunscreen.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Infection of the wound. Skin impairment can lead to an open wound, making it susceptible to bacterial invasion and infection. Bacteria can enter the wound, leading to inflammation and potential complications. Purulent leakage (choice A) is a symptom of infection, not a direct consequence of skin impairment. Itching (choice B) is a common symptom of skin irritation but not a direct consequence of skin impairment. Pain (choice D) can be a result of skin impairment but is not as directly linked to the consequences of an infected wound. Ultimately, infection of the wound is the most critical consequence of skin impairment due to the potential for serious complications and delayed healing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Wash hands before and after applying a topical medication. This is crucial to prevent the spread of infection as proper hand hygiene reduces the risk of introducing harmful bacteria to the wound. Cold wet soaks (A) do not address hand hygiene and may not be effective in preventing infection. Proper disposal of soiled material (B) is important but not the most critical action for preventing infection. The use of an antiseptic solution (D) is helpful, but without proper hand hygiene, the risk of spreading infection remains high.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because growing cultured skin is indeed time-consuming. Cultured skin requires a significant amount of time for cells to proliferate and form a suitable skin graft. This process can take several weeks to months, thus delaying treatment for patients in need of immediate skin repair. A: Pigmentation mismatch is not a disadvantage as it can be managed with techniques like pigmentation matching. C: The risk of infection can be minimized through proper sterile techniques during the culturing process. D: The risk of rejection can be reduced by using the patient's own cells to grow the cultured skin, making rejection less likely.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because malignant melanomas typically present as non-keratotic and soft lesions. Choice B is correct as melanomas arise from melanocytes. Choice C is correct as melanoma has a high mortality rate. Choice D is correct as melanomas often have irregular color and asymmetric shape.