All of the following would be expected to increase prolactin levels except:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Prolactin levels can be increased by various factors, including chest wall trauma, pregnancy, and renal failure. However, hyperthyroidism is not typically associated with elevated prolactin levels. In fact, hyperthyroidism is more commonly associated with decreased levels of prolactin due to the inhibitory effect of thyroid hormones on prolactin secretion. Therefore, all of the options except for hyperthyroidism would be expected to increase prolactin levels.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Cushing's syndrome is a disorder caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol hormone. While Cushing's syndrome can manifest with a variety of symptoms, peripheral neuropathy is not a typical feature of this condition. Cushing's syndrome is commonly associated with symptoms such as hirsutism (excessive hair growth), purple striae (skin stretch marks that are purple in color), and acne due to the hormonal imbalances it creates. Peripheral neuropathy, which involves damage to the peripheral nerves leading to symptoms like numbness, tingling, and weakness in the extremities, is not a characteristic symptom of Cushing's syndrome.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Acromegaly is a disorder caused by the overproduction of growth hormone in adulthood, usually due to a pituitary tumor. The cranial nerves that may be affected in acromegaly are Cranial Nerves III, IV, VI (oculomotor, trochlear, abducens) due to compression of the optic chiasm by the expanding tumor. Cranial Nerve V (trigeminal nerve) may also be affected given its close proximity to the pituitary gland. However, Cranial Nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) is not typically involved in acromegaly.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum hypopituitarism, is a condition characterized by pituitary gland dysfunction due to severe blood loss during childbirth, resulting in ischemic necrosis of the pituitary gland. As a consequence of pituitary hormone deficiency, one of the hallmark manifestations of Sheehan's syndrome is persistent lactation despite stopping breastfeeding. This occurs due to inadequate prolactin inhibition, leading to continuous milk production. Other common symptoms of Sheehan's syndrome include fatigue, weight loss, menstrual irregularities, hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency, and other pituitary hormone deficiencies. Cardiac failure, fever, and striking cachexia are not typical presentations associated with Sheehan's syndrome.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.