ATI RN
EMT Vital Signs Assessment Questions
Question 1 of 5
All of the following muscles involved in wrist and finger flexion receive innervation from the median nerve except:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU). The median nerve innervates the flexor carpi radialis (A), palmaris longus (C), and flexor pollicis longus (D), all muscles involved in wrist and finger flexion. The FCU is innervated by the ulnar nerve, not the median nerve, making it the exception in this case. Therefore, choice B is incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
What structures pass through Guyon's canal (ulnar tunnel at the wrist)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Guyon's canal houses the ulnar nerve and ulnar artery. 2. This canal is located at the wrist, between the pisiform and hook of the hamate. 3. The correct answer, choice C, includes both the ulnar nerve and ulnar artery passing through Guyon's canal. 4. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they include structures that do not pass through Guyon's canal, such as the extensor carpi ulnaris and adductor pollicis.
Question 3 of 5
After completing an initial assessment of a patient, the nurse has charted that his respirations are eupneic and his pulse is 58 beats per minute. These types of data would be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Objective. Objective data refers to measurable and observable information obtained through physical examination or diagnostic tests. In this case, the nurse's documentation of the patient's respirations and pulse rate are concrete, quantifiable data that can be verified by another healthcare provider. Eupneic respirations and a pulse rate of 58 beats per minute are specific, factual findings that can be seen or measured. On the other hand, subjective data (choice C) is based on the patient's feelings or statements, which are open to interpretation and cannot be objectively measured. Reflective (choice B) and introspective (choice D) do not apply in this context as they refer to different types of data unrelated to the patient's physical assessment.
Question 4 of 5
The nursing process is a sequential method of problem solving that nurses use and includes which steps?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it accurately reflects the sequential steps of the nursing process. Assessment is the first step to gather data, followed by diagnosis to analyze and identify the problem. Outcome identification sets goals, planning creates a care plan, implementation executes the plan, and evaluation assesses the effectiveness. Choice A is incorrect because it includes treatment before the diagnosis step, and lacks outcome identification and implementation steps. Choice B is incorrect because it includes admission and discharge planning before the assessment and planning steps. Choice C is incorrect because it includes admission and diagnosis before the assessment step, and lacks outcome identification.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is not an indication for cold therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Arterial insufficiency. Cold therapy is contraindicated in cases of arterial insufficiency because it can further constrict blood vessels, worsening circulation. A: Acute sprains benefit from cold therapy to reduce inflammation. B: Spasticity can be alleviated by cold therapy as it helps to reduce muscle tone. D: Chronic muscle spasm can also be relieved by cold therapy to decrease muscle spasms and pain. Therefore, arterial insufficiency is the only condition where cold therapy should be avoided.