All of the following is true about vomiting center EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Initiated voluntarily , which is false. The vomiting center is in the medulla oblongata (A is true), near the area postrema, coordinating the reflex. It receivvestibular input via cranial nerve 8 (B is true), causing motion sickness-related vomiting. Choice C is incorrect; vomiting is involuntary, unlike swallowings voluntary start, triggered by medullary signals (e.g., nausea reflex). It receivinput from circulating emetics (D is true) via the chemoreceptor trigger zone, responding to drugs or toxins. Brainstem lesions disrupt this reflex, not cortical control, confirming Cs inaccuracy. Thus, C is the exception, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Obese people react differently to food cucompared to non-obese people . Research, like fMRI studies, shows obese individuals exhibit heightened brain respons(e.g., in reward centers like the striatum) to food cues, driving overeating. Choice A is false; exercise boosts metabolism and calorie burn, critical for weight control per guidelinlike CDCs. Choice B is incorrect; no universal obese personality exists traits vary widely, debunking stereotypes. Choice D is wrong; stress often increaseating in obese individuals (emotional eating), unlike some non-obese who may eat less. is false; obese people are more, not less, responsive to food visuals, per behavioral studies. C reflects external cue sensitivity, a key obesity factor, distinguishing it from metabolic or personality myths, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Ventromedial hypothalamus is the feeding center , which is false. The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is the satiety center lesions cause overeating, not hunger stimulation (Anand & Brobeck, 1951). The lateral hypothalamus drivfeeding. Choice A is true; anxiety triggers overeating in overweight people via stress hormones. Choice C is correct; metabolic rate drops in deprivation to conserve energy, per starvation studies. Choice D is true; personality variwidely among overweight individuals, lacking a uniform type. is accurate; exercise burns calories, aiding weight loss, per clinical guidelines. Bs error revershypothalamic rolVMH damage causobesity, not feeding initiation making it the exception and correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Gender identity in humans is established at the age of 3 . Gender identity self-perception as male, female, or otherwise typically solidifiby age 3, per developmental psychology (e.g., Kohlberg). Choice A is false; gender role (social behaviors) differs from sexual orientation (attraction). Choice C is incorrect; stereotypstem from culture, not just hormones, though biology contributes. Choice D is wrong; gender is identity, not attraction (orientation). is false; societal attitudshape gender norms, as seen in cross-cultural studies. Bs truth is supported by milestonchildren express gender by 2-3, stable by 3-4 unlike the conflated or oversimplified claims of A, C, D, E, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Reaction formation , which is not a Big Five trait. The Big Five (OCEAN) are Openness, Conscientiousness, Extroversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism (opposite of emotional stability, A). Reaction formation is a Freudian defense mechanism converting unwanted impulsinto opposit(e.g., hate to love) not a trait. ChoicA-D are core traits: emotional stability reflects calm vs. anxiety; extroversion sociability; openness imagination; agreeableness cooperation. psychoanalytic origin contrasts with the empirical, descriptive Big Five model (Costa & McCrae), used in personality research, making it the exception and correct answer.