Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because antibiotics are not standard therapy for congestive heart failure in the elderly. The rationale is that antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections, not heart failure. A: ACE inhibitors are standard therapy as they help dilate blood vessels and reduce the workload on the heart. C: Diuretics help reduce fluid buildup in the body, which is beneficial for managing CHF symptoms. D: Beta blockers are used to reduce the heart's workload and help manage the stress response, making them standard therapy for CHF.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a decrease in alveolar elasticity is not a physical change that directly leads to an increasing incidence of hypertension in the older adult. Arterial stiffening and loss of elasticity (choice A) can lead to increased blood pressure. Changes in renal regulation of sodium and water (choice B) can impact fluid balance and blood pressure. Increasing body weight (choice D) can contribute to hypertension through increased strain on the cardiovascular system. Therefore, a decrease in alveolar elasticity is not directly related to hypertension in the same way as the other choices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Continuity theory. This theory suggests that as individuals age, they strive to maintain a sense of consistency in their activities, interests, and relationships. In this scenario, both the older woman and man are adapting their lifestyles to maintain a sense of continuity with their past selves. The woman continues to engage in social activities, reflecting her outgoing nature, while the man maintains his solitary habits but explores new interests, such as creative writing, to fulfill his need for personal growth. A: Activity theory focuses on the idea that continued engagement in activities leads to a higher quality of life in old age. While the older woman's active engagement aligns with this theory, the older man's solitary activities do not fully support this concept. C: Social exchange theory emphasizes the balance of costs and benefits in social relationships. This theory is not directly applicable to the scenario as it does not address the individuals' personal activities and interests. D: Disengagement theory suggests that older adults gradually withdraw

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor the client's blood glucose level. Tremors and confusion in a client with diabetes could indicate hypoglycemia. Monitoring blood glucose levels will confirm if the client's symptoms are due to low blood sugar. Providing a full meal (B) may worsen the situation by delaying the increase in blood sugar. Asking the client to rest (C) does not address the underlying cause. Administering insulin immediately (D) without knowing the current blood glucose level can further lower blood sugar levels. Hence, monitoring the blood glucose level is the most appropriate initial action.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increasing protein intake. Protein is crucial for maintaining muscle mass and strength in older adults, aiding in the prevention and management of malnutrition. Protein also supports immune function and wound healing. Reducing calorie intake (A) can exacerbate malnutrition, as older adults need adequate nutrition. Avoiding all fats (C) is not recommended as healthy fats are essential for brain health and nutrient absorption. Limiting hydration (D) can lead to dehydration and worsen malnutrition. In summary, increasing protein intake is the most important factor in managing malnutrition in older adults due to its vital role in maintaining overall health and preventing muscle loss.