All of the following are hormones of the anterior pituitary except:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Parathyroid hormone (PTH). The anterior pituitary gland secretes hormones that regulate various bodily functions, such as growth, reproduction, and metabolism. PTH is actually produced by the parathyroid glands, not the anterior pituitary. Human growth hormone (GH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are all hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Therefore, C is the correct answer as it is not a hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Follicle stimulating hormone. It stimulates the testes to produce sperm cells in males and promotes follicle development in females. Growth hormone (A) primarily regulates growth and metabolism. Leutenizing hormone (B) stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone production in males. Prolactin (C) is responsible for milk production in females.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The thymus gland is the correct answer because it involutes or shrinks with age, leading to decreased immune function. The parathyroid, thyroid, and pituitary glands do not disappear with old age but may undergo changes in function. The parathyroid regulates calcium levels, the thyroid controls metabolism, and the pituitary gland secretes various hormones. Therefore, the thymus gland is the only gland that disappears during old age, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Aldosterone. The adrenal cortex produces aldosterone, which helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance. Insulin (A) is produced by the pancreas, epinephrine (B) is produced by the adrenal medulla, and glucagon (D) is produced by the pancreas. Aldosterone is the only hormone produced by the adrenal cortex among the options provided, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: diabetes mellitus. This condition is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to either insufficient insulin production or the body's inability to use insulin effectively. In diabetes, glucose cannot enter cells for energy, leading to elevated blood sugar levels. Hypoglycemia (B) is low blood sugar levels, opposite of the question. Hypothyroidism (C) is a condition involving an underactive thyroid gland, not directly related to blood glucose levels. Hyperthyroidism (D) is an overactive thyroid gland, also not directly linked to high blood glucose levels.