ATI RN
Endocrine System Multiple Choice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
All of the following are endocrine glands EXCEPT
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: sweat glands. Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream, affecting various organs and tissues. Sweat glands, on the other hand, are exocrine glands that release sweat through ducts onto the skin's surface to regulate body temperature. Adrenal glands produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline (A), parathyroid glands regulate calcium levels in the body (C), and the pineal gland produces melatonin to regulate sleep-wake cycles (D). Therefore, sweat glands do not fit the definition of an endocrine gland, making them the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
Endocrine system consists of ductless glands which secrete:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hormones. The endocrine system consists of ductless glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream to regulate various bodily functions. Hormones are chemical messengers that help control metabolism, growth, development, mood, and other physiological processes. Enzymes (choice A) are not secreted by the endocrine system but by exocrine glands. Electrolytes (choice C) are ions essential for various bodily functions but are not directly secreted by glands of the endocrine system. Choice D, chemicals, is too broad and vague as all substances can be considered chemicals.
Question 3 of 5
In hyperthyroidism, which of the following lab findings would you expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland produces an excess of thyroid hormones T3 and T4, leading to negative feedback on the pituitary gland, resulting in decreased TSH levels. Therefore, you would expect decreased TSH and increased T3, T4 levels. A is incorrect because TSH would be decreased, not increased. C is incorrect because TSH would be decreased in hyperthyroidism. D is incorrect because T3 and T4 would be increased in hyperthyroidism.
Question 4 of 5
Which mechanism is primarily responsible for maintaining hormone levels within a narrow range?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: negative feedback mechanisms. Negative feedback mechanisms help maintain hormone levels within a narrow range by inhibiting further hormone production once a certain level is reached. When hormone levels rise, negative feedback signals the body to decrease hormone production, preventing excessive levels. Positive feedback mechanisms, on the other hand, amplify hormone production. Hormone-receptor complexes and hormone-gene complexes are not directly responsible for maintaining hormone levels within a narrow range but rather play roles in hormone signaling and gene expression, respectively.
Question 5 of 5
A patient presents with increased growth of skeletal and soft tissue, hypertension, arthritis, menstrual disturbances, and diabetes mellitus. Upon administration of oral glucose, which of the following levels would increase?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: IGF. Increased growth of skeletal and soft tissue, along with other symptoms, suggest acromegaly due to excess growth hormone (GH) secretion. GH stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor (IGF), which mediates many of GH's effects. In acromegaly, elevated IGF levels contribute to the clinical manifestations. Option A (GH) is incorrect because GH levels may be high but not necessarily in response to oral glucose. Option C (GH and IGF) is incorrect as GH alone does not directly increase in response to oral glucose. Option D (ADH) is unrelated to the scenario described.