All of antibiotics are aminoglycosides, EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clindamycin. Clindamycin is not an aminoglycoside; it belongs to the lincosamide class. Gentamicin, Streptomycin, and Neomycin are aminoglycosides. Aminoglycosides are characterized by their mechanism of action involving binding to the bacterial ribosome, leading to inhibition of protein synthesis. Clindamycin, on the other hand, acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis at a different site. Therefore, Clindamycin does not belong to the aminoglycoside group.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: Praziquantel. Praziquantel is the drug of choice for treating cestodosis due to its high efficacy against tapeworms. It works by causing paralysis in the worms, leading to their detachment from the intestinal wall and subsequent expulsion from the body. Piperazine (A) is used for roundworm infections, not cestodosis. Pyrantel (C) is effective against intestinal nematode infections, not tapeworms. Ivermectin (D) is mainly used for treating parasitic infections caused by roundworms and mites, but it is not the first-line treatment for cestodosis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The diuretic drug causes increased urine output, leading to electrolyte imbalances characterized by low levels of potassium (hypoKalemia) and low levels of magnesium (hypoMagnesemia). This pattern is consistent with profile P. Choice B is incorrect because it suggests high potassium levels which would not be expected with diuretic use. Choice C is incorrect as it indicates high sodium levels which would typically be decreased with diuretic therapy. Choice D is incorrect as it shows normal electrolyte levels which would not be expected with diuretic-induced electrolyte imbalances.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Upregulation of hepatic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. This action is most likely to mediate the therapeutic effect of both drugs in the patient's disease because it would increase the clearance of LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream, leading to decreased cholesterol levels. By upregulating LDL receptors on hepatocytes, more LDL particles are taken up by the liver, reducing circulating LDL levels and lowering the risk of cardiovascular disease. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the mechanism of action of the drugs in lowering cholesterol levels. Decreased intestinal reabsorption of bile acids (Choice A) may affect cholesterol absorption but is not the primary mechanism of action for most cholesterol-lowering drugs. Decreased conversion of cholesterol to bile acids (Choice B) and decreased synthesis of cholesterol by the liver (Choice C) do not target the clearance of LDL cholesterol from the bloodstream, which is the key therapeutic goal in managing hyperchole

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.