ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
All may complicate BM transplantation except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: emphysema. Bone marrow transplantation does not directly complicate or affect the lungs or cause emphysema. Cataract formation (A), leucoencephalopathy (B), and cardiomyopathy (C) are potential complications due to the effects of chemotherapy or radiation therapy on different organs. Emphysema is a chronic lung disease primarily caused by smoking or exposure to airborne irritants, not by bone marrow transplantation.
Question 2 of 5
Which is associated with prolonged bleeding time:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Von Willebrand disease. This is because Von Willebrand factor plays a crucial role in platelet adhesion and aggregation. A deficiency in Von Willebrand factor leads to impaired platelet function, resulting in prolonged bleeding time. The other choices, polythycemia vera (A), antiphospholipid syndrome (C), and hemophilia (D), are not typically associated with prolonged bleeding time due to different underlying mechanisms. Polythycemia vera is characterized by increased red blood cell production, antiphospholipid syndrome is an autoimmune disorder causing blood clots, and hemophilia is a genetic disorder affecting blood clotting factors.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In the patient's care plan, the nurse has identified a diagnosis of Risk for Injury. What pathophysiologic effect of multiple myeloma most contributes to this risk?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased bone density. Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells in bone marrow that can lead to bone destruction and decreased bone density, increasing the risk of fractures and falls. Labyrinthitis (A) is an inner ear disorder unrelated to multiple myeloma. Left ventricular hypertrophy (B) is a cardiac condition not directly associated with the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma. Hypercoagulation (D) is not a primary risk factor for injury in multiple myeloma compared to decreased bone density.
Question 4 of 5
A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. In acute myelogenous leukemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal, immature white blood cells, leading to a decrease in platelets and clotting factors, increasing the risk of hemorrhage. This complication is a priority due to the potential life-threatening consequences. Pancreatitis (A) is not directly associated with leukemia. Arteritis (C) is inflammation of arteries, not a common complication of leukemia. Liver dysfunction (D) may occur in leukemia but is not as immediate and critical as hemorrhage.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse practitioner is assessing a patient who has a fever, malaise, and a white blood cell count that is elevated. Which of the following principles should guide the nurse's management of the patient's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infection is the most likely cause of the patient's change in health status. Rationale: 1. Fever, malaise, and elevated white blood cell count are classic signs of infection. 2. Infections are common causes of elevated white blood cell count. 3. Other choices (A, C, D) focus on specific conditions (lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma) that are less likely in this scenario. 4. It is important to consider the most common and likely cause first, which is infection in this case.