ATI RN
Hematological System Questions
Question 1 of 5
All may complicate BM transplantation except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, emphysema. Emphysema is a chronic lung condition and does not directly complicate bone marrow transplantation. Cataract formation, leucoencephalopathy, and cardiomyopathy are potential complications due to radiation or chemotherapy used in the procedure affecting the eyes, brain, and heart, respectively. Emphysema is not related to the transplantation process and does not typically arise as a complication.
Question 2 of 5
Which is associated with prolonged bleeding time:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Von Willebrand disease. Von Willebrand factor plays a crucial role in platelet adhesion and clot formation. Deficiency or dysfunction of this factor leads to prolonged bleeding time. Choice A, polycythemia vera, is associated with increased red blood cell production but does not directly affect bleeding time. Choice C, antiphospholipid syndrome, causes blood clots rather than prolonged bleeding. Choice D, hemophilia, is a clotting disorder but does not necessarily result in prolonged bleeding time.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning the care of a patient who has been admitted to the medical unit with a diagnosis of multiple myeloma. In the patient's care plan, the nurse has identified a diagnosis of Risk for Injury. What pathophysiologic effect of multiple myeloma most contributes to this risk?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Multiple myeloma is a cancer of plasma cells, leading to bone destruction due to excessive bone resorption. Step 2: Decreased bone density is a common complication of multiple myeloma, increasing the risk of fractures. Step 3: Fractures due to weakened bones can lead to falls and subsequent injuries, supporting the Risk for Injury diagnosis. Summary: Choice C is correct because decreased bone density from multiple myeloma directly contributes to the patient's risk for injury. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not pathophysiologic effects associated with multiple myeloma.
Question 4 of 5
A patient diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia has just been admitted to the oncology unit. When writing this patient's care plan, what potential complication should the nurse address?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hemorrhage. In acute myelogenous leukemia, there is a high risk of bleeding due to low platelet count and abnormal clotting factors. The nurse should address this potential complication by closely monitoring the patient for signs of bleeding, providing platelet transfusions if necessary, and taking precautions to prevent injury. Pancreatitis (A), Arteritis (C), and Liver dysfunction (D) are not commonly associated with acute myelogenous leukemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse practitioner is assessing a patient who has a fever, malaise, and a white blood cell count that is elevated. Which of the following principles should guide the nurse's management of the patient's care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Infection is the most likely cause of the patient's change in health status. Rationale: 1. Fever, malaise, and elevated WBC count are common signs of an infection. 2. These symptoms are indicative of the body's immune response to fight off pathogens. 3. Infections are a common cause of elevated WBC count and systemic symptoms. 4. Considering the patient's presentation, infection is the most probable diagnosis. Summary: A: Assessing for lymphoma is premature and not supported by the patient's symptoms. C: Signs and symptoms of leukemia typically involve other specific findings beyond those described. D: Diagnostic testing for multiple myeloma is not warranted based on the patient's presentation.