All are true about corticonuclear tract EXCEPT:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Control voluntary movement of the muscle of the face only , which is false. The corticonuclear tract originatfrom the precentral gyrus (A is true), descends through the internal capsule, and terminatin brainstem cranial nerve nuclei (B is true), such as 5 (jaw), 7 (face), 10 (pharynx), and 12 (tongue). It controls voluntary movements not just of the face, but also head and neck muscl(e.g., tongue, larynx), making C inaccurate. Fibers decussate partially in the brainstem (D is true), with variations e.g., lower facial fibers cross, but upper facial innervation is bilateral. This broader role is evident in deficits like contralateral tongue deviation or dysphagia from lesions, not face-only effects. Thus, C is the exception, as it wrongly limits the tracts function, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: It receivinput from stretch receptors in the stomach wall . The vomiting reflex is involuntary (A is false), triggered by medullary signals, not cortical control, unlike swallowings voluntary start. The vomiting center is in the medulla oblongata (not hypothalamus, making B wrong), near the area postrema. Choice C is false; cranial nerve 8 (vestibulocochlear) is involved, relaying vestibular input (e.g., motion sickness). Choice D is true; stretch receptors in the stomach wall signal via the vagus nerve (cranial nerve 10) to the vomiting center, as in overdistension-induced vomiting. This medullary integration is evident in emetic responsto gastric irritation, supporting Ds accuracy. Thus, D is the true statement.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Emotional factors . Emotions like stress or boredom can trigger hunger via cortisol or dopamine pathways, overriding physiological satiety, as seen in emotional eating research. Choice A is false; high glucose signals satiety, reducing hunger via insulin and leptin. Choice B is incorrect; a full stomach activatstretch receptors, suppressing appetite through vagal feedback. Choice C is wrong; high temperaturtypically reduce food intake for thermoregulation, unlike cold. Choice D is false; heating the brain (e.g., lateral hypothalamus) may suppress hunger, not stimulate it, per animal studies. Emotional factors uniquely act as psychological hunger cues, distinct from physical signals, evident in stress-induced snacking, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Empty stomach activatventromedial hypothalamus . An empty stomach activatthe lateral hypothalamus (hunger center), not the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), which signals satiety when full. Choice A is true; cold weather stimulatthe lateral hypothalamus for thermogenic eating. Choice C is correct; low blood sugar drivappetite via hypothalamic glucoreceptors. Choice D is accurate; insulin drops glucose, increasing hunger. is true; exercise burns calories, supporting weight loss. Bs error revershypothalamic rolVMH activation occurs with fullness, not emptiness, as seen in lesion studiwhere VMH damage causovereating. Thus, B is the wrong statement, making it the correct answer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anxiety in the patient during the consultation , which donot improve compliance. Anxiety impairs understanding and trust, reducing adherence, per psychological studies. Choice A is true; mutual trust fosters cooperation, enhancing compliance (e.g., shared decision-making). Choice B is correct; doctor confidence reassurpatients, boosting adherence. Choice D is accurate; fewer medications simplify regimens, improving compliance, per clinical guidelines. is true; long half-life drugs reduce dosing frequency, aiding adherence. Cs negative effect e.g., anxious patients forgetting instructions contrasts with the positive impacts of A, B, D, E, making it the exception and correct answer.