ATI RN
Urinary System Test Questions And Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
Aldosterone matches with:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aldosterone is secreted by zona glomerulosa e.g., adrenal cortex, boosts Na reabsorption. Adjacent to macula densa is JGA not aldosterone. Tube is ureter unrelated. Hypothalamus synthesizes ADH not aldosterone. Adrenal origin distinguishes it, key to its role, unlike JGA or hypothalamic errors.
Question 2 of 5
A patient with acute renal failure has a serum potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L and the following ABG results: pH 7.28, PaCO2 30, PaO2 86, HCO3 18. The nurse recognizes that treatment of the acid base problem would cause a decrease in the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis (low pH, HCO3) drives potassium out of cells; correcting it (e.g., bicarbonate) shifts potassium back intracellularly, lowering serum levels not pH (rises), bicarbonate (increases), or CO2 (respiratory). This distinguishes acidosis-potassium interplay, key for treatment planning, contrasting with standalone acid-base correction.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse evaluates the patency of an AV graft by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A bruit (whooshing sound) indicates AV graft patency pulses (distal flow), color/temp (circulation), or numbness (nerve) are secondary. This distinguishes vascular access assessment, critical for dialysis, contrasting with indirect signs.
Question 4 of 5
All of the following about malpighian renal corpuscle are true EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Malpighian corpuscle (glomerulus + Bowman's) has podocytes (visceral), squamous epithelium (parietal), and mesangial cells, but glomerular capillaries have a fenestrated (not interrupted) basement membrane for filtration. This exception distinguishes filtration barrier structure, vital for renal physiology, contrasting with complete descriptions.
Question 5 of 5
Hydronephrosis is NOT associated with
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hydronephrosis results from obstruction (BPH, pregnancy, valve stricture) not acute cystitis (inflammation without blockage). This distinguishes obstructive uropathy, key for renal dilation causes, contrasting with infectious etiologies.